哈尔滨地铁应急疏散模型研究

发布时间：2018-04-11 18:58

  本文选题：应急疏散 + 地铁安全　； 参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：地铁具有速度最快、时间最短、运输便捷、服务可靠、承载客流量大、服务舒适等特点。哈尔滨一期工程投入使用，中心城区的交通压力将有所缓解，公交的拥挤度也会减轻。虽然地铁的优点众多，但地铁营运期间也可能会存在着某些风险。在宏观层面上，我们国家经济发展状态带来的是危机爆发期。在微观层面上，地铁空间狭小，人群密集，在发生事故的情况下，容易造成群死群伤。地铁在运营期间可能发生的灾害主要为自然灾害中的火灾。根据地铁交通安全的国际形势以及国内的运营情况现状，我国地铁交通运营需要得到重视。 本文针对地铁的应急疏散问题，分析地铁车站这一特定环境下人群的心理特征、分析个体的行为规则、归纳个体的决策类型，根据实际的哈尔滨地铁车站情况，基于中国文化情境以主体建模方式构建人群疏散模型，通过计算机仿真，模拟哈尔滨地铁应急人群疏散情况，通过对模拟情况的分析，对地铁车站的应急性能进行评估，计算出人群疏散所需要的时间，观察疏散的过程以及过程中个体的分布情形，找出影响疏散的因素以及疏散的瓶颈，找出针对哈尔滨地铁车站应急疏散过程中应注意的方式方法，为实际的工作提供指导。 在理论层面，本文构建的模型，丰富了人群密集场所的应急疏散理论。在现实意义层面，本文的仿真结论为地铁车站的应急管理提供了一定的现实依据，提高了哈尔滨地铁运营部门的应急处理能力，，提高了疏散的安全性，为其他类似的人群密集场所的危机处理提供了借鉴范本。具有较强的应用价值和实践意义。
[Abstract]:Subway has the characteristics of fastest speed, shortest time, convenient transportation, reliable service, large carrying capacity, comfortable service and so on.The first stage of Harbin project will relieve the traffic pressure and reduce the congestion of public transportation.Despite its many advantages, there may be some risks during the operation of the subway.At the macro level, the state of our country's economic development is brought about by the outbreak of the crisis.On the micro level, the subway space is small, the crowd is dense, in the case of accident, it is easy to cause mass death and injury.The main disasters that may occur during the operation of the subway are fire in natural disasters.According to the international situation of subway traffic safety and the present situation of domestic operation, the subway traffic operation in our country needs to be paid attention to.In view of the emergency evacuation of subway, this paper analyzes the psychological characteristics of people in this particular environment of subway station, analyzes the individual behavior rules, induces individual decision-making types, and according to the actual situation of Harbin subway station,Based on the Chinese cultural situation, a crowd evacuation model is built in the form of subject modeling. Through computer simulation, the emergency evacuation of subway in Harbin is simulated, and the emergency performance of subway station is evaluated by analyzing the simulation.Calculate the time needed for evacuation, observe the process of evacuation and the distribution of individuals in the process, find out the factors affecting evacuation and the bottleneck of evacuation.To find out the ways and methods that should be paid attention to in the course of emergency evacuation of Harbin subway station, and to provide guidance for practical work.At the theoretical level, the model has enriched the theory of emergency evacuation in crowded places.At the level of realistic significance, the simulation results of this paper provide some realistic basis for the emergency management of subway station, improve the emergency handling ability of Harbin subway operation department, and improve the safety of evacuation.It provides a model for other similar crowd-intensive places to deal with the crisis.It has strong application value and practical significance.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D63;F572;F224


本文编号：1737264