2000年以来中国城市体系演变特征研究——基于通航城市分布格局的分析

发布时间：2018-04-12 06:44

本文选题：航空网络 + 城市体系　；参考：《中国人口.资源与环境》2014年10期

【摘要】：城市间的航空运输活动是城市相互联系的最高表现形式,航线运量反映了城市间的经济联系和对外职能,城市及航线所组成的航空网络直观反映了城市体系的等级结构和分布特征。2000年以来我国航空运输持续高速增长,通航城市由139个增加至175个,占地级城市数量的60%以上,通航城市的分布特征在一定程度上代表了全国的城市体系特征。本文在系统回顾国内外研究文献的基础上,利用2000-2012年民航行业统计数据,通过假定和计算城市间航线复合流量,从通航城市分布的统计特征、等级划分、网络结构等视角进行分析。首先,研究了通航城市分布的区域差异,货运业务城市差距不断扩大,呈集聚特征,三大枢纽城市比重始终过半;从城市累计分配率看,货运相比客运更集中。其次,运用图表法和聚类分析法,将175个城市分为3个首位中心城市、13个二级中心城市、17个三级中心城市和142个四级中心城市,城市等级分布呈金字塔型且受政治、经济和旅游等因素影响显著。最后,利用2000年和2012年国内城市间前100位复合流量航线,分析了城市体系的网络特征,发现北京、上海和广州等三大枢纽城市稳稳占据主导地位,成渝成为未来第四极,东北地区城市体系稳定,沿海城市被中部城市取代,旅游城市等级升级,"轴—辐"网络城市体系正在形成。
[Abstract]:The air transport activity between cities is the highest manifestation of the interrelation between cities, and the volume of air routes reflects the economic ties and external functions of cities.The aviation network composed of cities and routes directly reflects the hierarchical structure and distribution characteristics of the urban system. Since 2000, the air transportation in China has been increasing at a high speed, and the number of navigable cities has increased from 139 to 175, accounting for more than 60% of the total number of prefectural cities.To a certain extent, the distribution characteristics of navigable cities represent the characteristics of the national urban system.Based on the systematic review of domestic and foreign literature, this paper, by using the statistical data of civil aviation industry from 2000 to 2012, classifies the distribution of navigable cities according to the statistical characteristics and grades of the distribution of navigable cities through the assumption and calculation of the composite flow of inter-city routes.Network structure and other perspectives are analyzed.First of all, the regional differences in the distribution of navigable cities are studied. The urban gap of freight transport business is expanding, showing the characteristics of agglomeration, and the proportion of the three major hub cities is always more than half. From the perspective of the urban cumulative distribution rate, freight transport is more concentrated than passenger transport.Secondly, 175 cities are divided into 3 first central cities, 13 secondary central cities, 17 third-level central cities and 142 four-level central cities by using the method of chart and cluster analysis.Factors such as economy and tourism are significant.Finally, by using the top 100 composite flow routes between domestic cities in 2000 and 2012, this paper analyzes the network characteristics of the urban system, and finds that Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou are the three major hub cities steadily occupying a dominant position, and Chengdu-Chongqing will become the fourth pole in the future.The urban system in Northeast China is stable, the coastal city is replaced by the central city, the tourism city grade is upgraded, and the "axis-spoke" network city system is being formed.
【作者单位】：西北大学经济管理学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“基于扩展型荷兰病模型的资源开发绩效研究”(编号:11YJC790294) 西北大学青年教师科研启动项目“资源开发综合绩效研究”(编号:PR11017)
【分类号】：F562

【参考文献】