基于GIS民航中小机场应急救援研究

发布时间：2018-05-02 08:17

本文选题：民用运输机场 + 突发事件应急救援　；参考：《中国民用航空飞行学院》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着我国经济的快速发展,我国的民航事业也进入了一个崭新的阶段,2006年时我国民航的旅客吞吐量已经是世界前五位,世界排名前十的航空公司我国占两席。比较繁忙航空港和航线的密度已经基本达到饱和。伴随着飞机数量和航线的猛增,作为航运承载枢纽的机场,其运行压力也随之增大。突出的表现就是机场突发事件频发。仅仅在已过去的2014年上半年,可统计的民航不安全事件就有11起,这也创了历史新高。民航局围绕着《国家突发公共事件总体应急预案》为纲领,陆续出台了一系列对机场应急救援有指导意义的文件,民航局2009年颁布第208号民航局令《民用运输机场突发事件应急救援管理规则》该文件作为民用运输机场突发事件应急救援行动的指导性文件。然而,我国在民用机场应急救援方面的建设还远远不够,与国外先进水平还有很大差距,各方面还存在很多不完善。在应对突发事件方面大型机场相对妥善。民航中小机场在处理突发事件方面存在许多问题。首先,本文通过对过去十年民用机场不安全事件进行统计；我国的民航业虽然发展迅速在发展,但是随之而来的不安全事故也愈发频繁；研究诱发不安全事件的因素；得出事故症候的万时率和万次率所呈现的规律性,有针对性的提出预防措施。其次,本文简要介绍了民航机场应急救援体系,相关政策法规,应急救援预案编写,应急救援组织结构等。阐述了对应急救援过程的动态评估的研究意义,分析了与应急救援相关的各个因素。构建了应急救援过程的评价指标体系,将定性评价转化为定量评价。文章选取模糊综合评价法为基础,构建数学模型。对机场的应急救援过程做定量评价,从评价结果,可以清晰的发现机场方在应急救援过程中的短板,提出改进意见。在上述理论的基础上,本文对机场应急救援系统做了系统可行性需求分析,系统功能需求分析。根据所做的需求分析划分了机场应急救援系统的功能模块。对系统后台数据库做了设计。以SuperMap Objects为开发平台,运用Oracle构建了数据库。完成了该系统的设计与开发,并分析了系统的优势与不足。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of China's economy, China's civil aviation industry has entered a new stage. In 2006, the passenger throughput of China's civil aviation industry was already the top five in the world, and the top 10 airlines in the world occupied two seats. The density of busy airports and routes has basically reached saturation. With the rapid increase of the number of aircraft and routes, the airport, as a shipping hub, its operation pressure also increased. The outstanding performance is the frequent occurrence of airport emergencies. In the first half of 2014 alone, 11 incidents of civil aviation insecurity were recorded, a record high. The Civil Aviation Administration (CAA) has issued a series of documents that have guiding significance for airport emergency rescue around the "General Emergency Preparedness Plan for National Emergency Public events" as its program. The Civil Aviation Administration promulgated the Civil Aviation Administration order No. 208 in 2009. The document is used as the guidance document of the civil transportation airport emergency rescue action. However, the construction of civil airport emergency rescue in China is far from enough, there is still a big gap with the advanced level of foreign countries, and there are still many imperfections in all aspects. Large airports are relatively well equipped to deal with emergencies. There are many problems in dealing with emergencies in civil aviation small and medium airports. First of all, through the statistics of civil airport insecurity in the past ten years, although the civil aviation industry in our country is developing rapidly, the following unsafe accidents are becoming more and more frequent, and the factors that induce unsafe events are studied. The regularity of the ten-hour and ten-thousand times rate of the accident symptom is obtained, and the preventive measures are put forward. Secondly, this paper briefly introduces the civil aviation airport emergency rescue system, relevant policies and regulations, emergency rescue plan preparation, emergency rescue organization structure and so on. The research significance of dynamic evaluation of emergency rescue process is expounded, and the factors related to emergency rescue are analyzed. The evaluation index system of emergency rescue process is constructed, and the qualitative evaluation is transformed into quantitative evaluation. On the basis of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, the mathematical model is constructed in this paper. Quantitative evaluation of the airport emergency rescue process, from the evaluation results, can clearly find the airport side in the emergency rescue process of the short plate, and put forward some suggestions for improvement. On the basis of the above theory, the system feasibility needs analysis and system function requirement analysis of airport emergency rescue system are done in this paper. According to the requirement analysis, the function module of the airport emergency rescue system is divided. The background database of the system is designed. Taking SuperMap Objects as the development platform, the database is constructed by using Oracle. The design and development of the system are completed, and the advantages and disadvantages of the system are analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：中国民用航空飞行学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TP311.13;F562

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