清末民初哈尔滨松花江航运业发展研究

发布时间：2018-05-07 11:34

本文选题：清末民初 + 哈尔滨　；参考：《哈尔滨师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：哈尔滨地区处于松花江下游平原地带，地势平坦，水资源丰富，具有先天的交通优势，航运历史由来已久。近代以前，航运一直是哈尔滨及其周边地区的主要交通方式之一。19世纪50年代以来，沙俄开始向我国进行势力扩张，向松花江流域步步侵蚀，由于中国自身航业不兴，松花江航权一度被沙俄资本独霸。19世纪末20世纪初，哈尔滨地区人口增多，，经济发展，迅速成为远东地区的重要城市之一，民族资本企业开始兴起。为挽救民族危亡，收回航权，哈尔滨的民族航运业也随之起步。哈尔滨地区民族航运业的发展是在当时的社会大背景下进行的。初期布满荆棘，历经坎坷；中期迅速发展，资本增加；后期走向联合、由盛转衰。哈尔滨民族航运业发展的每一步都与当时经济、政治、国际局势的变化有着千丝万缕的联系。哈埠航运业作为哈尔滨地区经济部门中的重要组成部分，它的发展是整个民族资本企业发展状况的一个缩影，也能从侧面体现出清末民初之际整个黑龙江地区的经济发展情况。此外，哈尔滨航运业还肩负着与外国资本企业争利、收回领水主权与航权的重要任务。作为东北最大的水利枢纽之一，哈尔滨的地区航运交通的便利有利于港口的经济发展。哈尔滨港口开设使地区间贸易活动活跃，商品流通频繁，地区间沟通密切，大量的客货往来促进了地区经济的繁荣，进而促使依托港口的城镇兴起及近代化进程加快，丰富了哈尔滨地区人民的物质生活，改变了哈尔滨地区人民的出行习惯。同时，近代哈尔滨航运业的发展对哈尔滨地区城镇的开发与进一步建设有着重要的促进作用，推动了哈尔滨的城市化进程。
[Abstract]:Harbin is located in the plain area of the lower reaches of Songhua River. It has a long history of shipping, with a flat terrain and abundant water resources. Before modern times, shipping had always been one of the main modes of transportation in Harbin and its surrounding areas. Since the 1950s, Czarist Russia began to expand its influence into China and gradually erode into the Songhua River basin. Songhua River navigation right was once dominated by Russian capital. At the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, the population of Harbin area increased, economic development, quickly became one of the important cities in the far East, the national capital enterprises began to rise. In order to save the national crisis and recover the shipping rights, Harbin's national shipping industry also started. The development of the national shipping industry in Harbin area was carried out under the background of the society at that time. The initial period is full of thorns and bumpy; the medium term develops rapidly, the capital increases; the later period moves to union, from prosperity to decline. Every step of the development of Harbin national shipping industry is closely related to the changes of economy, politics and international situation at that time. As an important part of the economic sector in Harbin, the development of the Harbin shipping industry is a microcosm of the development of the whole national capital enterprises, and can also reflect the economic development of the whole Heilongjiang region at the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China. In addition, Harbin shipping industry also shoulder the important task of competing with foreign capital enterprises and recovering territorial water sovereignty and shipping rights. As one of the largest water conservancy hubs in Northeast China, the convenience of regional shipping and transportation in Harbin is beneficial to the economic development of the port. The opening of Harbin port makes regional trade activities active, commodity circulation frequent, regional communication close, a large number of passenger and cargo exchanges promote the prosperity of regional economy, and then promote the rise and modernization of towns relying on ports. Has enriched the Harbin area people's material life, has changed the Harbin area people's travel custom. At the same time, the development of modern Harbin shipping industry plays an important role in the development and further construction of cities and towns in Harbin area, and promotes the urbanization process of Harbin.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F552.9;K252

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