铁路春运中购票难问题的思考与出路

发布时间：2018-06-01 03:11

本文选题：社会经济转型 + 人口流动　；参考：《西南交通大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：春运现象早在新中国成立初期就开始出现,在五十余年的发展历程中,春运见证了中国社会制度变迁和社会结构转型。而社会经济的转型又带来了对铁路运力的旺盛需求,在运力不足和管理体制落后的双重困境中,酿成春运中“一票难求”的“中国奇观”。本文主要内容是对铁路运力的供需矛盾、铁路管理体制以及春运铁路客流量的形成原因等方面进行研究,进而引申到对“二元”社会经济结构、户籍制度、区域间经济发展失衡等间接导致铁路春运客流量过于庞大最终导致春运期间铁路运力供不应求的方面的思考与研究。深入分析研究发现,铁路春运“一票难求”问题,从表面上,它是一个铁路运力不足和铁路管理体制方面的问题,而深层次的问题应该是中国在社会经济转型期所暴露出来的“二元”社会经济结构的问题,反映出来的是城乡差距、工农业比较收益差距和地区发展的差距所引发的巨大的人口流动,其重点表现在于数以亿计的、具有中国传统文化思想的农民工春运期间往返于城乡之间。据此,本文得出结论：要缓解铁路春运的压力,应当着手于铁路运力的提高、铁路基础设施的建设以及铁路管理体制的完善。而从根本上解决问题,必须从人口流动的控制和管理的科学化出发,避免人口大规模地频繁流动而造成对铁路运力的冲击。因此,我们必须致力于加速社会经济的转型,彻底化解“二元”社会经济的弊端。基于此,本文提出了相应的对策和建议。
[Abstract]:The spring transport phenomenon began to appear early in the early period of the founding of new China. In the course of the development of more than fifty years, the spring transportation witnessed the changes of social system and social structure in China, and the social and economic transformation brought about the strong demand for the railway transport capacity. In the dual predicament of lack of transport capacity and backward management system, it was difficult to make a "one ticket" in the spring transportation. "Seek" the "Chinese wonders".
The main content of this paper is the research on the contradiction between supply and demand of railway transport capacity, the railway management system and the cause of the formation of passenger flow in the spring transportation railway, and further extended to the "two yuan" social and economic structure, the household registration system, the unbalanced economic development between the regions and so on. Thinking and Research on the shortage of road transport capacity.
In depth analysis, it is found that the problem of "one ticket difficult to seek" is a problem on the surface of railway transportation. It is a problem of lack of railway capacity and railway management system. The problem of deep level should be the "two yuan" social economic structure exposed in the period of social and economic transformation, which reflects the gap between urban and rural, workers and peasants. The huge population flow caused by the gap of comparative income and the gap of regional development lies in the hundreds of millions of migrant workers with Chinese traditional culture and ideas between the urban and rural areas during the Spring Festival.
Accordingly, this paper draws a conclusion that, in order to alleviate the pressure of railway spring transportation, we should start with the improvement of railway capacity, the construction of railway infrastructure and the improvement of the railway management system. And the fundamental solution to the problem must be based on the scientific development of the control and management of population flow and avoid the large-scale and frequent flow of the population to the railway. Therefore, we must strive to accelerate the transformation of the social economy and completely resolve the disadvantages of the "two yuan" social economy. Based on this, the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward in this paper.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F532.1

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