我国高速铁路经济效益研究

发布时间：2018-06-24 23:47

本文选题：铁路运输 + 高速铁路　；参考：《石家庄铁道大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：为提高我国高速铁路的经济效益,改善高速铁路运营严重亏损的状态,使高速铁路的经济效益和社会效益协调发展,应用实证研究方法,以经济效益、投入产出等理论为指导,分析了高速铁路运营中存在的问题,找出了影响经济效益的直接因素；以区域经济学相关理论为依据、灰色预测模型为工具,验证了高速铁路给沿线区域带来的显著经济效益,提出了将社会效益量化为高铁的经济效益的建议,实现高速铁路内外部经济效益的统一。具体的框架是：首先,以京津城际高铁、武广客运专线开通3年来的基本财务数据为依据,从收入、成本费用的角度分析两条高铁线路目前的经济效益,并延伸到我国现有的高速铁路,指出目前我国高速铁路内部经济效益不佳的影响因素在于建设成本高、历史欠账多；债务负担重；投资收益率低；运营费用高、运价受限制以及运量增长有限。其次,运用灰色预测模型、多元线性回归分析以及有无对比法,从空间联系效益、产业结构变化效应、就业效应三个方面测算出京津城际高铁、武广高铁的开通给沿线区域带来的经济增长量；由此延伸至我国目前开通的所有高速铁路,指出高速铁路为社会带来了巨大的外部经济效益。最后,从内外部两个角度提出提高我国高速铁路经济效益的对策。内部：理顺高速铁路的运价体系以及加强经营管理；外部：借鉴国外政府对高速铁路的政策支持经验,提出我国政府应将高速铁路给社会带来的经济效益划归为铁路运输企业,具体做法是加大中央政府补贴,完善地方政府补贴；支持高速铁路科研与教育；加快融资手段的改革和创新。
[Abstract]:In order to improve the economic benefit of China's high-speed railway, improve the serious loss of high-speed railway operation, and make the economic and social benefits of high-speed railway develop harmoniously, the empirical research method is applied and guided by the theory of economic benefit, input-output and so on. This paper analyzes the problems existing in the operation of high-speed railway, finds out the direct factors influencing the economic benefits, and validates the remarkable economic benefits brought by the high-speed railway to the areas along the route based on the relevant theories of regional economics and the grey prediction model. The suggestion of quantifying the social benefit into the economic benefit of high-speed railway is put forward to realize the unification of internal and external economic benefits of high-speed railway. The specific framework is as follows: first, based on the basic financial data of the Beijing-Tianjin inter-city high-speed rail line and the Wu-Guangzhou passenger dedicated line in the past three years, the current economic benefits of the two high-speed rail lines are analyzed from the perspective of revenue and cost. It also extends to the existing high-speed railway in our country, and points out that the influencing factors of the poor internal economic benefit of the high-speed railway in our country at present lie in the high construction cost, the high historical debt, the heavy debt burden, the low investment rate of return, the high operating cost. Freight rates are limited and volume growth is limited. Secondly, using grey prediction model, multivariate linear regression analysis and comparative method, from three aspects of spatial link benefit, industrial structure change effect and employment effect, we calculate the high-speed railway between Beijing and Tianjin. The opening of Wu-Guang High Speed Railway brings economic growth to the areas along the route, which extends to all the high-speed railways opened in our country at present, and points out that the high-speed railway has brought huge external economic benefits to the society. Finally, the countermeasures to improve the economic benefit of high speed railway in China are put forward from two angles of internal and external. Internal: straighten out the tariff system and strengthen the management of high-speed railway; external: draw lessons from the experience of foreign governments to support the high-speed railway policy, and put forward that our government should classify the economic benefits brought by high-speed railway to the railway transport enterprises, and put forward that the government of our country should classify the economic benefits brought by high-speed railway to the society as railway transport enterprises. The specific measures are to increase central government subsidies, improve local government subsidies, support high-speed railway research and education, and accelerate the reform and innovation of financing means.
【学位授予单位】：石家庄铁道大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F532

【参考文献】