航空货运舱位优化控制方法研究

发布时间：2018-06-30 05:11

本文选题：收益管理 + 舱位控制　；参考：《中国民航大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着航空货运市场的快速发展以及物流市场竞争的不断加剧,收益管理已经成为航空公司提高收益和竞争力的重要手段。国外航空公司都已经开始应用航空收益管理技术来提高公司经营水平,增加公司收益,赢得未来市场的生存与发展空间。航空公司收益管理的核心和重要组成部分是舱位优化控制,它的合理有效的运用不仅可以满足不同需求的客户的需要,而且可以实现航空公司收益最大化的目标。因此,对航空舱位优化控制方法的研究显得尤其必要。本文考虑航空货运市场的特征,及货物到达过程的不确定性,主要研究了自由销售中的动态舱位优化控制方案,包括单航段舱位分配与航线确定下的多航段的舱位分配问题。首先分析了航空货运高速发展的状况和目前航空货运主要面临的问题,指出了研究航空货运舱位优化控制的必要性,总结了收益管理在航空客运及货运等领域目前的研究现状;其次,针对航空货运收益管理及舱位控制进行论述,分析了航空货运市场需求特征,货运收益管理的系统构成,舱位优化控制的目标,及舱位优化的单航段及多航段问题;第三,分析了货物的非齐次泊松到达过程,利用马尔可夫决策过程的方法构建了单航段舱位分配方案,然后考虑决策者风险规避的情形,结合冯·诺依曼—摩根斯坦效用函数(VNM函数)构建了基于风险规避的模型。通过仿真实验验证了算法的有效性。最后,对航空货运舱位分配模型扩展,基于风险规避马尔可夫决策过程方法与传统舱位控制方法相结合,构建了多航段的舱位分配方案,通过仿真实验对比,得出了方案的有效性与可行性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of the air cargo market and the increasing competition in the logistics market, revenue management has become an important means for airlines to improve their earnings and competitiveness. Foreign airlines have begun to apply the technology of aviation revenue management to improve the management level, increase the company income, and win the survival and development space of the future market. The core and important component of airline revenue management is the optimal control of cabin space. Its reasonable and effective use can not only meet the needs of customers with different needs, but also realize the goal of maximizing airline income. Therefore, it is necessary to study the optimal control method of air space. Considering the characteristics of air cargo market and the uncertainty of cargo arrival process, this paper mainly studies the optimal control scheme of dynamic space in free sale, including the allocation of single segment space and the allocation of multi-segment space under route determination. Firstly, the paper analyzes the high speed development of air cargo and the main problems existing in air cargo, points out the necessity of studying air cargo space optimization control, and summarizes the current research status of revenue management in the field of air passenger transport and cargo transportation. Secondly, the paper discusses the air freight revenue management and space control, analyzes the characteristics of air freight market demand, the system structure of freight revenue management, the objectives of space optimization control, and the single and multi-segment issues of space optimization. Thirdly, the inhomogeneous Poisson arrival process of cargo is analyzed, and a single section space allocation scheme is constructed by using the method of Markov decision process, and then the risk aversion of decision makers is considered. A model based on risk aversion is constructed with von Neumann-Morgenstein utility function (VNM function). The effectiveness of the algorithm is verified by simulation experiments. Finally, the model of air cargo space allocation is extended, based on the combination of risk aversion Markov decision process method and traditional space control method, a multi-segment space allocation scheme is constructed, and the simulation results are compared. The validity and feasibility of the scheme are obtained.
【学位授予单位】：中国民航大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F560.6;TP13

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