国内小型乘用车整车多式联运方案优选研究

发布时间：2018-07-17 01:18

【摘要】：截止2012年，中国已第四次成为世界上最大的汽车产销国，其中乘用车的产销量首次突破了1500万辆。随着乘用车市场的快速发展，其市场上的竞争也日趋激烈。为了获得更多的利润空间，越来越多的汽车企业将目光放在了企业的第三利润源泉——乘用车整车物流上。目前国内乘用车整车运输中有85%以上采用公路运输，乘用车运输呈现运输方式单一、运输批量小、往返运量不均衡等特点，这些共同作用导致了乘用车整车运输成本高昂的现状。相较于欧美、日韩的乘用车运输水平，中国在乘用车整车运输方面还存在着很大的改进空间。多式联运因在成本和管理方面的优势，近年来在很多领域得到了推广和应用。通过将不同运输方式有机地结合起来，多式联运能充分发挥各种运输方式的优势，因此，将多式联运应用到乘用车整车运输上可能成为降低乘用车物流成本的有效措施。基于这一思想，本文构建了乘用车整车运输的成本模型，并应用实际案例验证了乘用车多式联运方案的经济性。然而，目前国内乘用车运输批量小和往返运量不均衡的特点，严重地制约着乘用车多式联运方案的开展。轴辐式网络因能提高运输效率、优化资源配置而被广泛应用于集装箱海运、包裹快递、旅游等领域。国内乘用车运输的这一现状可以通过构建轴辐式网络得到改善。本文基于以上分析，建立了乘用车轴辐式物流网络成本模型，阐述了禁忌搜索算法对模型求解的思路，并通过算例展示了算法的实现过程。算例的结果表明乘用车的轴辐式物流网络更具成本优势。本文的研究为乘用车运输承运人进行运输方案的选择和运输网络的规划提供依据，同时结合实际算例对模型进行分析，，丰富了相关的实证研究，具有良好的理论和实际意义。
[Abstract]:By 2012, China had become the world's largest car producer and marketer for the fourth time, with passenger car sales exceeding 15 million for the first time. With the rapid development of passenger car market, the competition in the market is becoming increasingly fierce. In order to gain more profit space, more and more automobile enterprises focus on the third profit source-passenger vehicle logistics. At present, more than 85% of the domestic passenger vehicle transportation uses road transportation. Passenger vehicle transportation is characterized by a single mode of transport, small volume of transport, uneven volume of round-trip transportation, etc. These combined actions lead to the high cost of passenger vehicle transportation. Compared with Europe and America, the level of passenger car transportation in Japan and South Korea, there is still a lot of room for improvement in passenger vehicle transport in China. Multimodal transport has been popularized and applied in many fields in recent years because of its advantages in cost and management. By organically combining different modes of transport, multimodal transport can give full play to the advantages of various modes of transport. Therefore, the application of multimodal transport to passenger vehicle transportation may become an effective measure to reduce the cost of passenger vehicle logistics. Based on this idea, the cost model of passenger vehicle transportation is constructed, and the economy of passenger car multimodal transport scheme is verified by practical cases. However, the characteristics of domestic passenger vehicle transport volume is small and the volume of commuter transportation is not balanced, which seriously restricts the development of passenger vehicle multimodal transport scheme. The axis-spoke network is widely used in container shipping, package express, tourism and so on because it can improve transportation efficiency and optimize resource allocation. The present situation of passenger car transportation in China can be improved through the construction of axle and spoke network. Based on the above analysis, the cost model of passenger car axis-spoke logistics network is established, the train of thought of Tabu search algorithm to solve the model is expounded, and the realization process of the algorithm is demonstrated by an example. The results show that the axle and spoke logistics network of passenger cars has more cost advantages. The research in this paper provides the basis for the choice of the transport scheme and the planning of the transport network for passenger vehicle transport carriers. At the same time, the model is analyzed with practical examples, which enriches the relevant empirical research and has good theoretical and practical significance.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F426.471;F512.4

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