铁道货车动态超偏载轨道衡研究

发布时间：2018-08-01 14:17

【摘要】：铁路作为一种我国重要的物流运输途径之一，以其运输量大、运输安全可靠、价格低廉等诸多因素在货物运输领域具有相当的比率。近年来，在国内交通运输行业竞争日益激烈的驱使下，我国铁路部门也明显加强了对铁路安全的监管力度，以维持铁路在交通运输领域中的主导地位。铁路货车超偏载检测装置是安装在铁路沿线上，对行驶的货车进行动态检测超载、偏载等装载情况的一种计量装置，是我国铁路货运计量安全检测系统的重要组成部分。目前我国铁路列车运行速度大面积提升和电气化铁路大量开通，对货物装载加固提出了更高的要求，，货运安全在铁路运输安全中的位置日益凸显出来。依照目前计量条件，为保证列车的运行安全，要在铁路沿线线路上安装大量动态电子轨道衡及货物列车超偏载检测装置，对货物列车超偏载状态进行检测。目前，轨道衡和超偏载装置虽各自对铁路货运安全发挥着重要作用，但都不能很好结合两者优势，本文提出一种新型铁路货车超偏载轨道衡装置，能结合轨道衡称重精度高和超偏载测偏的功能，达到提高检测精度，减少铁路投资的目的。本文首先对国内外动态电子轨道衡和超偏载装置的研究现状及发展趋势进行了概述，并对课题研究的背景、意义及主要研究内容做了说明。之后对系统的技术要求、组成部分及工作原理进行了介绍，后又建立了系统的数学模型并作出了分析。其次，对系统的硬件组成电路—信号调理电路进行了重点介绍，对组成电路的各个单元进行了细致说明，完成了传感器信号的放大、滤波、A/D转换作用。对整个硬件部分分成电源模块、放大模块、滤波模块、A/D模块四个部分进行了说明，对组成各模块的各器件、工作过程及在系统中的作用进行说明。第三，对影响信号检测电路精度的因素及改进措施进行了分析说明，指出温度、干扰及桥压稳定度作为影响电路测量精度的三个主要因素，并列举了许多改进方法，以提高电路检测精度。第四，对系统的软件部分进行了简要介绍，主要对系统的称重算法，程序流程图，系统实现的功能，系统运行结果进行简短说明。最后，对整个系统研究的内容进行了总结，并指出下一步需要研究的工作方向。
[Abstract]:Railway, as one of the important ways of logistics transportation in China, has a considerable proportion in the field of freight transportation because of its large volume, safe and reliable transportation, low price and so on. In recent years, driven by the increasingly fierce competition in the domestic transportation industry, China's railway sector has also obviously strengthened the supervision of railway safety in order to maintain the dominant position of the railway in the field of transportation. The overloading detecting device of railway freight car is a kind of measuring device which is installed along the railway line to dynamically detect the overload and the partial load of the moving freight car. It is an important part of the safety inspection system of railway freight metering in our country. At present, the speed of train operation in our country has been greatly improved and the electrified railway has been opened in a large amount, which has put forward higher requirements for cargo loading and reinforcement, and the position of freight safety in railway transportation safety has become increasingly prominent. According to the current metrological conditions, in order to ensure the running safety of the train, a large number of dynamic electronic track scales and overloading detecting devices should be installed on the lines along the railway line to detect the overload state of the freight train. At present, rail weighing and overloading devices play an important role in railway freight transport safety, but neither of them can well combine the advantages of the two. In this paper, a new type of rail balance device for railway freight cars is proposed in this paper. It can improve the detection accuracy and reduce the railway investment by combining the functions of high weighing precision and over-bias load measurement of track scale. In this paper, the research status and development trend of the dynamic electronic track weighing and overloading device at home and abroad are summarized, and the background, significance and main research contents of the research are also described in this paper. Then the technical requirements, components and working principles of the system are introduced, and then the mathematical model of the system is established and analyzed. Secondly, the hardware component circuit of the system, signal conditioning circuit, is introduced in detail, and each unit of the circuit is described in detail. The amplification of sensor signal and the function of filtering A / D conversion are accomplished. The whole hardware is divided into four parts: power module, amplifier module, filter module and A / D module. The components, working process and function in the system are explained. Thirdly, the factors affecting the accuracy of the signal detection circuit and the improvement measures are analyzed and explained. It is pointed out that temperature, interference and bridge voltage stability are the three main factors that affect the measuring accuracy of the circuit, and many improved methods are listed. In order to improve the accuracy of circuit detection. Fourth, the software part of the system is briefly introduced, mainly to the system weighing algorithm, program flow chart, system functions, system operation results are briefly described. Finally, the research contents of the whole system are summarized, and the future work direction is pointed out.
【学位授予单位】：广西工学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：U294.17

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