公共产品视角下的广州公共自行车现状和发展对策研究
发布时间：2018-11-27 09:45
【摘要】：城市化的发展带来的交通和环境问题,是困扰很多大城市发展的重要问题,公共自行车的出现给解决这一难题提供了新的选择,本文以广州市公共自行车租赁项目为研究案例,从公共产品理论入手,分析国内外蓬勃发展的公共自行车现象,在总结和抽象的基础上,给出公共自行车的定义和分类;针对广州公共自行车项目的实际情况,使用解释性案例研究的方法,总结了广州公共自行车使用人群的特点,通过对其详细运营数据的分析,说明公共自行车具有显著的通勤作用,是公共交通的重要衔接和有益补充。公共自行车具有绿色性、公共性、公益性的特点,具有改善城市交通拥堵、减少城市大气污染、提高资源利用率、提升城市形象等正外部效应,理应得到政府的支持,但是在公共自行车的发展过程中还存在定位不明确、没有扶持政策、缺乏整体规划等问题,导致公共自行车项目发展受限,甚至走入困境。由于公共自行车的正外部效应难以准确评估,市场在公共自行车的提供中难以有效配置,在借鉴国内外公共自行车发展比较好的城市的先进经验的基础上,提出统筹规划、财政支持的公共自行车发展模式。建议结合慢行系统的建设,将公共自行车纳入公共交通体系,从公交优先和城市交通可持续发展的高度统筹考虑公共自行车建设的财政补贴。财政补贴,除给予运营亏损补贴外,应加大财政投入的力度,扩大项目规模,并考虑项目建成后的更新维护,持续投入。公共自行车项目的运营才是其长远发展的关键,公共自行车项目的运营存在成本较高,使用不平衡等现象,建议引入市场化机制来降低运营成本,通过新技术的运用来解决公共自行车的调度难,成本较高的问题,在坚持公益定价的前提下,通过“逆向收费”等手段解决公共自行车使用不平衡产生的“潮汐现象”。
[Abstract]:The traffic and environment problems brought by the development of urbanization are the important problems that haunt the development of many big cities. The emergence of public bicycle provides a new choice to solve this problem. This paper takes the public bicycle rental project in Guangzhou as a case study. Starting with the theory of public goods, this paper analyzes the phenomenon of public bicycle which is booming at home and abroad, and gives the definition and classification of public bicycle on the basis of summing up and abstracting. According to the actual situation of Guangzhou Public Bicycle Project, this paper summarizes the characteristics of Guangzhou Public Bicycle users by using the method of explanatory case study, and analyzes the detailed operation data of Guangzhou Public Bicycle Project. It shows that public bicycle has obvious commuting effect and is an important link and beneficial supplement of public transportation. Public bicycle has the characteristics of green, public and public welfare. It should be supported by the government for its positive external effects, such as improving urban traffic congestion, reducing urban air pollution, increasing the utilization of resources and promoting the image of the city. However, there are still some problems in the development of public bicycle, such as unclear positioning, no supporting policy, lack of overall planning, etc., which lead to the limited development of public bicycle projects, even into difficulties. As the positive and external effects of public bicycles are difficult to evaluate accurately and the market is difficult to be effectively configured in the provision of public bicycles, on the basis of drawing lessons from the advanced experience of cities with relatively good development of public bicycles at home and abroad, the overall planning is put forward. The development mode of public bicycle supported by finance. It is suggested that the public bicycle should be brought into the public transportation system in combination with the construction of slow moving system, and the financial subsidy for the construction of public bicycle should be considered as a whole from the perspective of public transport priority and the sustainable development of urban transportation. In addition to the operating loss subsidy, the financial subsidy should increase the financial input, expand the project scale, and consider the renewal and maintenance of the project after the completion of the project. The operation of the public bicycle project is the key to its long-term development. The operation cost of the public bicycle project is high and the use is unbalanced. It is suggested that the market-oriented mechanism should be introduced to reduce the operation cost. Through the application of new technology to solve the problem of difficult scheduling and high cost of public bicycle, under the premise of insisting on public interest pricing, the "tide phenomenon" caused by unbalanced use of public bicycle is solved by means of "reverse charge".
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F572.88
本文编号：2360275
[Abstract]:The traffic and environment problems brought by the development of urbanization are the important problems that haunt the development of many big cities. The emergence of public bicycle provides a new choice to solve this problem. This paper takes the public bicycle rental project in Guangzhou as a case study. Starting with the theory of public goods, this paper analyzes the phenomenon of public bicycle which is booming at home and abroad, and gives the definition and classification of public bicycle on the basis of summing up and abstracting. According to the actual situation of Guangzhou Public Bicycle Project, this paper summarizes the characteristics of Guangzhou Public Bicycle users by using the method of explanatory case study, and analyzes the detailed operation data of Guangzhou Public Bicycle Project. It shows that public bicycle has obvious commuting effect and is an important link and beneficial supplement of public transportation. Public bicycle has the characteristics of green, public and public welfare. It should be supported by the government for its positive external effects, such as improving urban traffic congestion, reducing urban air pollution, increasing the utilization of resources and promoting the image of the city. However, there are still some problems in the development of public bicycle, such as unclear positioning, no supporting policy, lack of overall planning, etc., which lead to the limited development of public bicycle projects, even into difficulties. As the positive and external effects of public bicycles are difficult to evaluate accurately and the market is difficult to be effectively configured in the provision of public bicycles, on the basis of drawing lessons from the advanced experience of cities with relatively good development of public bicycles at home and abroad, the overall planning is put forward. The development mode of public bicycle supported by finance. It is suggested that the public bicycle should be brought into the public transportation system in combination with the construction of slow moving system, and the financial subsidy for the construction of public bicycle should be considered as a whole from the perspective of public transport priority and the sustainable development of urban transportation. In addition to the operating loss subsidy, the financial subsidy should increase the financial input, expand the project scale, and consider the renewal and maintenance of the project after the completion of the project. The operation of the public bicycle project is the key to its long-term development. The operation cost of the public bicycle project is high and the use is unbalanced. It is suggested that the market-oriented mechanism should be introduced to reduce the operation cost. Through the application of new technology to solve the problem of difficult scheduling and high cost of public bicycle, under the premise of insisting on public interest pricing, the "tide phenomenon" caused by unbalanced use of public bicycle is solved by means of "reverse charge".
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F572.88
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