铁路建设项目绩效评价理论研究及应用
发布时间：2018-12-11 22:53
【摘要】：我国铁路建设的现状是需求大、投资高和建设资金严重紧张。由于铁路建设项目主要以政府投资为主，长久以来形成了“注重资金分配，轻视管理效率”的弊病。在资金短缺和投资低效的情况下，提高铁路建设项目资源与资金的使用效率已是迫在眉睫，铁路建设企业也急需一个系统、全面、综合的绩效评价体系。基于此现实背景，本文站在投资方的角度，通过对铁路建设项目绩效评价体系及应用的研究，旨在探寻出提高铁路建设项目资金的使用效率和管理绩效水平的方法和途径。 本文首先对铁路建设项目绩效评价进行了深入的基础理论研究。通过梳理以往有关绩效评价的研究，融入全生命周期的思想，融合不同利益相关者的要求，明晰了“铁路建设项目绩效评价”的内涵。在此基础上，结合我国铁路主要由政府投资管控的国情和绩效评价的工作流程，建立了由绩效评价内容、指标、标准、方法四个子体系构成的铁路建设项目绩效评价体系。 在构建铁路建设项目绩效评价指标体系的过程中，提出了“初选-筛选-提炼KPI体系”的思路。首先，广泛收集资料，对泛取的绩效评价指标采用整合法和系统分析法筛选分类，兼顾铁路建设项目的特性，构建出铁路建设项目资金管控绩效、施工管控绩效、经济效益、生态环境绩效、社会效益五个方面的初始绩效评价指标体系。然后，考虑到绩效评价的实际可操作性，在初始指标体系的基础上，引入关键绩效指标（KPI）这一绩效考核工具，，通过问卷调查、咨询专家，遵循SMART原则，运用策略目标分解法，从初定繁多的绩效指标中提炼出核心的指标，构建出一个系统的铁路建设项目KPI体系。 对铁路建设项目绩效评价方法体系的研究，主要通过对常用评价方法的比对分析和针对铁路建设项目的适用性分析，选取适合铁路建设项目KPI体系的评价方法：层次分析法（AHP）确定KPI权重；单项指标评价法对单个KPI进行评价；模糊综合评价法进行项目绩效的综合评价。最终，确立了基于AHP的绩效模糊综合评价方法体系。 选取兰青二线项目进行实证研究，得到该项目的绩效综合评价结果。通过实证分析得知，采用本文构建的绩效评价体系进行铁路项目的绩效评价是完全可行的，通过绩效评价可以掌控项目各方面的绩效情况，有助于加强相应的绩效监管，促进铁路建设项目管理水平的提高。
[Abstract]:The present situation of railway construction in China is large demand, high investment and serious shortage of construction funds. Because the railway construction project is mainly invested by the government, it has formed the disadvantage of "paying attention to the allocation of funds and despising the efficiency of management" for a long time. In the case of shortage of funds and inefficient investment, it is urgent to improve the efficiency of the use of resources and funds of railway construction projects, and railway construction enterprises also need a systematic, comprehensive and comprehensive performance evaluation system. Based on this background, this paper, from the perspective of the investors, through the research on the performance evaluation system and application of railway construction projects, aims to explore ways and means to improve the efficiency and management performance level of railway construction project funds. In this paper, the performance evaluation of railway construction project is studied deeply. By combing the previous research on performance evaluation, integrating the thought of whole life cycle and the requirements of different stakeholders, the connotation of "railway construction project performance evaluation" is clarified. On this basis, combined with the national conditions and the work flow of performance evaluation, which is mainly controlled by government investment, the performance evaluation system of railway construction project is established, which is composed of four sub-systems: performance evaluation content, index, standard and method. In the course of constructing the performance evaluation index system of railway construction project, the idea of "primary selection-screening-refining KPI system" is put forward. First of all, the extensive collection of data, the comprehensive performance evaluation indicators using the integration method and the system analysis method to select and classify, taking into account the characteristics of railway construction projects, to build the railway construction project capital control performance, construction control performance, economic benefits. The initial performance evaluation index system in five aspects of ecological environment performance and social benefit. Then, considering the practical maneuverability of performance evaluation, on the basis of the initial index system, the paper introduces the key performance indicator (KPI) as a performance appraisal tool, through questionnaire survey, consulting experts, following the principle of SMART. By using the method of strategic objective decomposition, the core indexes are extracted from the various performance indicators initially determined, and a systematic KPI system of railway construction projects is constructed. The research on the performance evaluation method system of railway construction project is mainly based on the comparative analysis of common evaluation methods and the applicability analysis of railway construction project. The evaluation method suitable for the KPI system of railway construction project is selected: the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is used to determine the weight of KPI; Single index evaluation method is used to evaluate individual KPI and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to evaluate project performance. Finally, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation system of performance based on AHP is established. The second line project of blue and green is selected for empirical research, and the result of comprehensive evaluation of the project performance is obtained. Through the empirical analysis, we can know that the performance evaluation system constructed in this paper is completely feasible, through the performance evaluation can control the performance of all aspects of the project, which is helpful to strengthen the corresponding performance supervision. To improve the management level of railway construction projects.
【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F532.3
本文编号：2373372
[Abstract]:The present situation of railway construction in China is large demand, high investment and serious shortage of construction funds. Because the railway construction project is mainly invested by the government, it has formed the disadvantage of "paying attention to the allocation of funds and despising the efficiency of management" for a long time. In the case of shortage of funds and inefficient investment, it is urgent to improve the efficiency of the use of resources and funds of railway construction projects, and railway construction enterprises also need a systematic, comprehensive and comprehensive performance evaluation system. Based on this background, this paper, from the perspective of the investors, through the research on the performance evaluation system and application of railway construction projects, aims to explore ways and means to improve the efficiency and management performance level of railway construction project funds. In this paper, the performance evaluation of railway construction project is studied deeply. By combing the previous research on performance evaluation, integrating the thought of whole life cycle and the requirements of different stakeholders, the connotation of "railway construction project performance evaluation" is clarified. On this basis, combined with the national conditions and the work flow of performance evaluation, which is mainly controlled by government investment, the performance evaluation system of railway construction project is established, which is composed of four sub-systems: performance evaluation content, index, standard and method. In the course of constructing the performance evaluation index system of railway construction project, the idea of "primary selection-screening-refining KPI system" is put forward. First of all, the extensive collection of data, the comprehensive performance evaluation indicators using the integration method and the system analysis method to select and classify, taking into account the characteristics of railway construction projects, to build the railway construction project capital control performance, construction control performance, economic benefits. The initial performance evaluation index system in five aspects of ecological environment performance and social benefit. Then, considering the practical maneuverability of performance evaluation, on the basis of the initial index system, the paper introduces the key performance indicator (KPI) as a performance appraisal tool, through questionnaire survey, consulting experts, following the principle of SMART. By using the method of strategic objective decomposition, the core indexes are extracted from the various performance indicators initially determined, and a systematic KPI system of railway construction projects is constructed. The research on the performance evaluation method system of railway construction project is mainly based on the comparative analysis of common evaluation methods and the applicability analysis of railway construction project. The evaluation method suitable for the KPI system of railway construction project is selected: the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is used to determine the weight of KPI; Single index evaluation method is used to evaluate individual KPI and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to evaluate project performance. Finally, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation system of performance based on AHP is established. The second line project of blue and green is selected for empirical research, and the result of comprehensive evaluation of the project performance is obtained. Through the empirical analysis, we can know that the performance evaluation system constructed in this paper is completely feasible, through the performance evaluation can control the performance of all aspects of the project, which is helpful to strengthen the corresponding performance supervision. To improve the management level of railway construction projects.
【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F532.3
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本文编号：2373372
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