循环经济下我国石化企业价值链优化问题探析

发布时间：2018-02-13 16:25

本文关键词： 循环经济石化企业价值链优化　出处：《江西财经大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国工业的不断发展,企业生产过程中产生的废弃物对自然环境破坏巨大且自然资源消耗过速,导致我国近几年来沙尘暴、雾霾、气候变暖等环境问题频繁突发。环境的恶化严重威胁人类的生存环境,因此环境问题关乎人类发展的可持续。政府部门亟需通过引导、规范、强制导等方式改变人们的生活方式和企业的生产方式,尤其是石化、造纸、印刷等重度污染企业。上世纪60年代,美国经济学家提出“循环经济”这一概念。经众多学者不断的发展和深化,循环经济已在多个发达国家推广和实施,用于改善生态环境、实现资源的高效使用,已取得一定的成效。改革开放后,我国经济快速稳步增长,但是以浪费资源、破坏环境为代价的粗放式增长方式,使我国人民在享受日益富足的物质、精神生活的同时,也饱食环境恶化的苦果。现阶段我国经济中,重工业、高能耗产业仍占比重较高。我国于20世纪90年代末期引进循环经济的理念,人们逐步认识并接受从资源到产品再到再生资源的物质循环过程是落实科学发展观,调整我国经济结构、转变企业生产方式的必然途径。通过立法、宏观经济调控、宣传等方式大力推广循环经济,实现国民经济的转型和企业生产方式的转变。石化企业作为我国第一批试点示范企业,正不断探索实施循环经济模式的路径,减少自然资源的投入和加大副产品、废弃物的回收、处理、再利用。从价值链视角出发,探讨循环经济下石化企业的价值链的概念、构成要素、运行机制,并与现有价值链相比较,能帮助企业认识到自身生产方式、组织结构存在的问题和企业未来的方向,同时有助于评估实施循环经济所带来的环保效益。优化石化企业价值链,是基于循环经济下企业应达到低投入、高产出、少污染,对企业价值增值活动及各价值增值活动之间内在联系的再思考,通过企业价值链的延伸和网状化,形成关于价值流、资金流、物质流和信息流的闭合循环,有助于企业满足循环经济3R原则的同时,形成企业的竞争优势并实现企业价值增值。若为大型石化企业的价值链循环可分为集团层面的外层循环和二级公司的内层循环,中小型石化企业的价值链循环为单循环,相当于二级公司的内层循环。目前,国内对循环经济下石化企业价值链的理论研究和实践研究领域尚为空白。本文在考虑我国国情的基础上,充分借鉴国外化工业发展循环经济、优化企业价值链的实践经验,从企业组织结构、生产流程、成本管理、市场及利益相关者等角度分析循环经济的对企业的价值链的影响。与此同时,探讨循环经济下石化企业价值链存在的问题及如何进行优化。该研究为循环经济如何在石化企业运作和实现提供方向。本文第一章系统地阐述了石化企业价值链的概念及循环经济下石化企业价值链的概念及作用,包括价值链的内涵、构成因素。本文试图通过石化企业价值链和循环经济下石化企业价值链概念的差异,阐明石化企业价值链优化的方向。同时,介绍了循环经济下石化企业价值链优化的理论基础和循环经济下石化企业价值链的运行机制。第二章基于石化企业价值链与循环经济下石化企业价值链的差异,探讨我国石化企业现有价值链存在的问题及产生原因。第三种通过循环经济下美国石化企业的成熟经验的介绍,探讨对我国石化实施循环经济、优化价值链的启示。第四章阐明循环经济下我国石化企业价值链优化的对策,从宏观的法律法规完善、循环经济理念推广、建立试点示范企业、发挥政府的监管作用,到微观的强化信息系统、完善沟通协调机制、建立企业文化和经营业绩考核机制、加强科技创新等,实现石化企业的低投入、高产出、少污染。第五章得出结论,认为石化企业依据循环经济的模式进行转型是实现低投入、高产出、少污染的必经之路。通过价值链优化,推进石化企业的转型进程。国家政策、法律法规的完善为企业推行循环经济保驾护航。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of China's industrial production, the production process of the waste on the destruction of natural environment and great natural resources consumption too fast, resulting in China's dust storms, in recent years, haze, environmental problems such as climate warming. Frequent sudden deterioration of the environment seriously threaten the survival of the human environment, so the environmental issues relating to human development sustainable. Government departments need through guidance, norms, mandatory guide way of changing people's life style and mode of production, especially in the petrochemical, papermaking, printing and other heavy polluting enterprises. In 60s, the American economist put forward the concept of "circular economy" by many scholars. And deepen the development of circular economy in many developed countries promotion and implementation, to improve the ecological environment, efficient use of resources, has achieved certain results.
After the reform and opening up, China's rapid economic growth steadily, but with extensive waste of resources, damage the environment for growth, so that people in our country enjoy an increasingly rich material and spiritual life at the same time, also full consequences. The deterioration of the environment at the present stage of China's economy, heavy industry, high energy consumption industries still accounted for a higher proportion of our country. At the end of 1990s the introduction of the concept of circular economy, people gradually understand and accept the process of material recycling of renewable resources from resource to product and then to implement Scientific Outlook on Development, adjust our economic structure and change the mode of production enterprises inevitable way. Through legislation, macroeconomic regulation, publicity and other means to vigorously promote the recycling economy to realize the transformation of the national economy, and the transformation of production mode of enterprise. The petrochemical enterprises as China's first batch of pilot enterprises, continue to explore the path to the implementation of circular economy model, Reduce the input of natural resources and increase the by-products, recycling of waste, treatment and reuse.
From the point of view of value chain, discusses the concept, the value chain of petrochemical enterprise under circular economy elements, operation mechanism, and compared with the existing value chain, can help the enterprises to realize their own mode of production, organization structure problems and the future direction of the business, and contribute to the assessment of the implementation of the circular economy environmental protection efficiency optimization of petrochemical industry value chain, is the enterprise based on circular economy should reach a low input, high output, less pollution, between the enterprise value and the value relation thinking, through the enterprise value chain and the extension of the network, the formation of a value flow, capital flow, closed loop material flow and information flow, and help enterprises to meet the 3R principle of circular economy at the same time, the formation of enterprise competitive advantage and realize enterprise value. If the value chain of large-scale petrochemical enterprises can be divided into set The outer circle of the group level and the inner cycle of the two level company, the value chain cycle of the small and medium sized petrochemical enterprises is a single cycle, which is equivalent to the inner cycle of the two level company.
At present, the domestic petrochemical enterprises value chain under the circular economy theory research and practice research is still blank. Considering the situation of our country, make full use of the development of circular economy industry abroad, the enterprise value chain optimization experience, from the enterprise organization structure, production process, cost management, marketing and related interests who analyzed the influence of circular economy on the enterprise value chain. At the same time, to investigate the existence of petrochemical enterprise value chain under the circular economy and how to optimize. The study of circular economy and realize how to provide direction in petrochemical enterprises operation.
The first chapter systematically expounds the concept and function of the concept of petrochemical enterprise value chain and value chain of petrochemical enterprises under circular economy, including the connotation, value chain factors. This paper attempts to petrochemical enterprise value chain concept of petrochemical enterprises value chain and circular economy difference, clarify the value chain optimization of petrochemical enterprises. At the same time, this paper introduces the operating mechanism of petrochemical enterprise value chain theory and circular economy value chain optimization of petrochemical enterprises under circular economy. The second chapter is based on the difference of petrochemical enterprise value chain petrochemical enterprise value chain and circular economy, and explore the causes of the existing value chain of petrochemical enterprises in China. Third through the cycle the United States economy of petrochemical enterprises mature experience, explore the implementation of circular economy of China petrochemical, the value chain optimization. The fourth chapter expounds the Enlightenment of circular economy Countermeasures of optimizing the value chain of petrochemical enterprises, perfecting the laws and regulations from the macro, the concept of circular economy promotion, establishment of pilot enterprises, give full play to the supervisory role of the government, to strengthen the information system of the micro, improve communication and coordination mechanism, the establishment of corporate culture and business performance evaluation mechanism, strengthen technological innovation, realize low cost, petrochemical the high yield and less pollution. The fifth chapter concludes that petrochemical enterprises on the basis of the model of circular economy is to realize the transformation of low input, high output, less pollution. The only way which must be passed through the value chain optimization, promote the transformation process of petrochemical enterprises. The national policy, the perfection of the laws and regulations for the implementation of circular economy enterprises escort.

【学位授予单位】：江西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F426.722;F406.7

【共引文献】