山东棉花种植成本收益分析

发布时间：2018-04-11 16:54

本文选题：山东省 + 棉花　；参考：《山东农业大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：棉花是我国最重要的经济作物之一,发展棉花产业对我国国民经济有着重要的战略意义。我国是世界上最大的棉花生产国和棉花消费国,棉花产量自1983年以来一直位居世界首位,可见我国棉花不仅在国内而且在世界有着举足轻重的地位。山东省是我国的棉花生产大省,进入21世纪以来山东省棉花的种植面积和产量平均分别占全国的15.80%和14.02%,因此,推动棉花生产的发展对增加农民收入、促进农村经济及山东省整体经济的发展有着极为重要的作用。但是,近些年来,山东省的棉花生产呈现下滑趋势,棉花种植面积和产量都出现明显的缩减。此外,由于近年来棉花价格波动明显,棉农的种植风险显著增加,这极大地打击了棉农种植棉花的积极性,严重制约着山东省棉花生产的稳定和可持续发展。本文立足山东省的棉花种植现状,利用实证分析与规范分析相结合的方法,详细分析了山东省棉花种植的成本与收益情况,以期为今后指导我省棉农提高棉花生产效率、增加棉花种植收益提供有力帮助。本文首先回顾了山东省棉花种植的历史演变,阐述了近年来山东棉花在全国棉花生产中的地位。然后在介绍了我国农产品成本收益核算相关理论的基础上,对山东省棉花成本和收益的构成及变动情况进行了具体研究。之后,对比分析了山东与我国其它主要棉产地及省内三种农作物(小麦、玉米、花生)种植的成本收益状况,从而找出了山东棉花生产的优势与劣势。最后,综合上述研究结论并给出了促进山东棉花生产发展的相关政策建议。本文的研究结果表明:近年来山东棉花种植总成本呈快速上升的趋势,其中以人工成本的增长最为显著,但棉花的种植收益总体水平不高,且受棉价大幅波动的影响,呈现出明显的波动性。在与其他主要棉产地的对比分析中发现,山东棉花的种植收益存在一定的比较劣势,而这种劣势主要来源于较低的单产水平。与省内的三种农作物相比,棉花种植总成本比较劣势突出且其收益也不占优势。因此,山东省要恢复和发展棉花生产,必须调整投入结构、发展机械化生产,增加科技投入、提高单产水平,逐步稳定棉价从而保护棉农种植收益。
[Abstract]:Cotton is one of the most important cash crops in China.China is the largest cotton producer and consumer in the world, and the cotton output has been the first in the world since 1983. It can be seen that China's cotton has a pivotal position not only in China but also in the world.Shandong Province is a large province of cotton production in China. Since the beginning of the 21st century, cotton planting area and yield in Shandong Province have accounted for 15.80% and 14.02% of the national average, respectively. Therefore, promoting the development of cotton production will increase farmers' income.Promoting the development of rural economy and the overall economy of Shandong Province has an extremely important role.However, in recent years, cotton production in Shandong Province shows a downward trend, cotton planting area and yield have been significantly reduced.In addition, because of the obvious fluctuation of cotton price in recent years, the planting risk of cotton farmers has increased significantly, which has greatly dampened the enthusiasm of cotton farmers to plant cotton and seriously restricted the stable and sustainable development of cotton production in Shandong Province.Based on the present situation of cotton planting in Shandong Province, this paper analyzes the cost and income of cotton planting in Shandong Province by means of the combination of empirical analysis and normative analysis, in order to guide cotton farmers in our province to improve the cotton production efficiency in the future.Increasing the revenue from cotton cultivation can help.This paper first reviews the historical evolution of cotton planting in Shandong Province and expounds the position of cotton in cotton production in Shandong Province in recent years.Then, on the basis of introducing the theory of cost and income accounting of agricultural products in China, the paper makes a concrete study on the composition and change of cotton cost and income in Shandong Province.After that, the cost and income of three crops (wheat, corn and peanut) in Shandong province and other main cotton producing areas in China were compared and analyzed, and the advantages and disadvantages of cotton production in Shandong province were found out.Finally, the above conclusions are synthesised and some policy suggestions are given to promote the development of cotton production in Shandong Province.The results show that the total cost of cotton planting in Shandong Province is increasing rapidly in recent years, among which the increase of labor cost is the most significant, but the total income of cotton planting is not high, and is affected by the fluctuation of cotton price.There is obvious volatility.In comparison with other major cotton production areas, it is found that there is a certain comparative disadvantage in cotton planting income in Shandong Province, and this disadvantage mainly comes from the low yield level.Compared with the three crops in the province, the total cost of cotton planting is inferior and its income is not dominant.Therefore, in order to restore and develop cotton production in Shandong Province, it is necessary to adjust the input structure, develop mechanized production, increase scientific and technological input, raise the level of per unit yield, and gradually stabilize cotton prices so as to protect the income of cotton farmers.
【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F326.12;F302.6

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