上市公司非经常性损益披露问题研究

发布时间：2018-10-21 09:20

【摘要】：非经常性损益是资本市场上重要的信息披露指标,非经常性损益的一次性、偶发性特点使投资者无法通过其来预测企业未来的发展前景。如今,利润指标是用来衡量企业盈利能力和经营水平的关键指标之一,它因此也是广大投资者、债权人以及公司管理者最为关心的指标。但是,要能真正体现企业的持续经营能力还必须要剔除非经常性损益的影响。如果上市公司利用非经常性损益操纵利润,这将严重影响会计报表的正确阅读和理解,成为我国证券市场向着健康方向发展的严重阻碍之一。从1999年以来,尽管国家财政部、证监会相继发布了一系列关于非经常性损益的规范,但是非经常性损益披露不规范、上市公司利用非经常性损益扭亏为盈、ST类公司利用其“摘星”“摘帽”的情况并没有太大的改观。因此,正确的理解非经常性损益这一指标对于投资者正确理解和把握上市公司的持续盈利能力,从而做出科学合理的投资决策具有重要意义；将非经常性损益作为重要的监管指标,正确地规范非经常性损益的披露,提高信息披露质量,对于保护投资者的合法权益也将发挥重要作用。本文从非经常性损益的概念出发,比较和分析非经常性损益的国际和国内对非经常性损益内容的界定以及披露要求,通过实证研究与规范研究相结合的方法,运用描述性统计、图表分析、案例分析等方法对符合标准的2007年——2010年沪市A股样本数据进行统计与分析。研究表明我国上市公司非经常性损益披露还存在诸多问题,诸如披露口径不一致、披露格式及内容不甚规范、非经常性损益界定模糊等。这严重影响了会计信息质量,降低了会计信息真实、可靠和相关性。针对这些问题本文提出了加强监管、完善相关法律法规等一系列措施。纵观全文旨在发现现阶段我国上市公司非经常性损益披露中存在的问题,希望提醒投资者更加清晰的分析上市公司财务业绩,同时给市场监管者和相关政策制定者关于进一步规范非经常性损益提供一定的参考意见。
[Abstract]:Non-recurrent profit and loss is an important index of information disclosure in capital market. The one-off and occasional characteristics of non-recurrent profit and loss make it impossible for investors to predict the future development prospects of enterprises. Today, the profit index is one of the key indicators to measure the profitability and management level of a company, so it is also the most concerned indicator for investors, creditors and corporate managers. However, it is necessary to eliminate the influence of non-recurrent profit and loss in order to truly reflect the ability of continuing operation. If listed companies use non-recurrent profits and losses to manipulate profits, this will seriously affect the correct reading and understanding of accounting statements, and become one of the serious obstacles to the healthy development of China's securities market. Since 1999, although the Ministry of Finance and the Securities Regulatory Commission have successively issued a series of norms on non-recurrent profits and losses, the disclosure of non-recurrent profits and losses has not been standardized. Listed companies use their non-recurring gains and losses to turn profits, while ST's use of its "star-picking" and "head-picking" has not changed much. Therefore, the correct understanding of the non-recurrent profit and loss index is of great significance for investors to correctly understand and grasp the sustainable profitability of listed companies and make scientific and reasonable investment decisions. Taking non-recurrent profit and loss as an important supervision index, correctly standardizing the disclosure of non-recurrent profit and loss and improving the quality of information disclosure will also play an important role in protecting the legitimate rights and interests of investors. Starting from the concept of non-recurrent profit and loss, this paper compares and analyzes the definition and disclosure requirements of non-recurrent profit and loss at home and abroad, and applies descriptive statistics through the combination of empirical research and normative research. Chart analysis, case analysis and other methods to meet the standards of 2007-2010 Shanghai A-share stock market sample data statistics and analysis. The research shows that there are still many problems in the disclosure of non-recurrent profits and losses of listed companies in China, such as inconsistent disclosures, irregular disclosure formats and contents, vague definition of non-recurrent profits and losses, and so on. This seriously affects the quality of accounting information and reduces the authenticity, reliability and relevance of accounting information. In view of these problems, this paper puts forward a series of measures such as strengthening supervision and perfecting relevant laws and regulations. The purpose of this paper is to find out the problems existing in the disclosure of non-recurrent profits and losses of listed companies in China, and to remind investors to analyze the financial performance of listed companies more clearly. At the same time to market regulators and relevant policy makers on the further regulation of non-recurrent gains and losses to provide some reference.
【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：F233;F832.51

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