导游自身视角下的职业认同影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-07-08 11:35

本文选题：导游 + 职业认同　；参考：《山东大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：导游作为各项旅游产品和活动的联结者,直接影响着旅游者的旅游体验,在整个旅游过程中起着至关重要的作用。改革开放以来我国旅游业蓬勃发展,在推动导游队伍成长壮大的同时,也使其面临诸多问题和挑战：导游员素质参差不齐,导游队伍流动率居高不下,导游职业社会形象不断恶化。已有的对导游的研究多从管理者视角出发,随着旅游业发展和“以人为本”管理理念的普及,研究者开始更多地关注导游的职业心理。职业认同作为一种内在激励性因素,直接影响着导游自身专业发展的愿望强度,关系到导游的职业倦怠水平、工作幸福感指数等情绪体验。它不仅是导游做好本职工作的心理基础,更是打造一支高素质、有凝聚力的导游队伍的必然要求。然而,哪些因素会影响到导游的职业认同呢?这些因素的影响程度又具体有多大?这些无疑是提出针对性的职业认同干预策略、提升导游职业认同水平必须面对和探讨的关键性问题。本文采用了扎根理论的质性研究方法。通过与一线优秀导游的访谈获取了大量第一手的研究资料,并对其进行了三个级别的编码分析,从中提取了28个基本概念、7个范畴和3个核心类属,在此基础上初步构建了导游职业认同影响因素的理论框架。为进一步检验理论的科学性和合理性,明确各因素影响程度的大小,本文依据质性研究的结果编制了《导游人员职业认同调查问卷》,开展量化研究。通过调查发现,导游的职业认同总体水平为3.97,远高于一般水平,且受教育程度、挂靠单位、所在城市的不同会带来导游职业认同水平的差异。调查数据的因子分析和回归分析结果表明,导游职业认同影响因素主要是由个体因素、职业特征、外部支持、组织环境以及工作认可等5个维度构成,而导游职业认同则包含职业情感和职业成长意愿2个维度。组织环境、个体因素、工作认可和职业特征4个要素对导游的职业成长意愿有显著影响,而外部支持、个体因素、职业特征、组织环境4个要素则对导游职业情感存在着显著的正向影响。在此基础上,本文提出了个体干预、组织干预、社会干预和制度干预的职业认同干预策略,对改善导游人员职业现状、提升导游人员职业认同水平有着重要的理论意义和实践意义。
[Abstract]:Tour guide, as the link of various tourism products and activities, has a direct impact on the tourist experience and plays a vital role in the whole tourism process. Since the reform and opening up, the tourism industry of our country has developed vigorously, which not only promotes the growth and expansion of tour guides, but also makes them face many problems and challenges: the quality of tour guides is uneven, and the turnover rate of tour guides is high. The professional social image of tour guides is deteriorating. With the development of tourism industry and the popularization of "people-oriented" management concept, researchers begin to pay more attention to the professional psychology of tour guides. As an internal incentive factor, professional identity directly affects the intensity of professional development of tour guides, related to their job burnout level, job well-being index and other emotional experience. It is not only the psychological basis for tour guides to do their own work, but also the inevitable requirement of creating a high quality and cohesive tour guide team. However, what factors will affect the professional identity of tour guides? What is the extent of these factors? These are the key problems that must be faced and discussed in order to raise the level of professional identity of tour guides. In this paper, the qualitative research method of rooted theory is adopted. Through interviews with first-line excellent tour guides, a large number of first-hand research materials were obtained, and three levels of coding analysis were carried out, from which 28 basic concepts, 7 categories and 3 core categories were extracted. On this basis, the theoretical framework of influencing factors of guide professional identity is preliminarily constructed. In order to further test the scientific and reasonable nature of the theory and determine the extent of the influence of various factors, this paper, based on the results of qualitative research, compiled the questionnaire of professional identity of tour guides and carried out quantitative research. Through the investigation, it is found that the overall level of professional identity of tour guides is 3.97, which is far higher than the general level. The results of factor analysis and regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of professional identity of tour guides were mainly composed of five dimensions: individual factors, professional characteristics, external support, organizational environment and job recognition. The professional identity of tour guides includes two dimensions: career emotion and career growth intention. Organizational environment, individual factors, job recognition and professional characteristics have significant effects on the career growth willingness of tour guides, while external support, individual factors, professional characteristics, The four factors of organizational environment have significant positive influence on the professional emotion of tour guides. On this basis, this paper puts forward the intervention strategies of individual intervention, organizational intervention, social intervention and institutional intervention, which can improve the professional status of tour guides. Improving the level of professional identity of tour guides has important theoretical and practical significance.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F592.6;F224

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