基于粮食安全的市场调控政策研究

发布时间：2018-06-26 20:24

本文选题：粮食安全 + 宏观调控　；参考：《首都经济贸易大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：粮食作为最基础的食品,支撑着我国经济的发展,关系着社会的安定。2015年3月5日,在我国第十二届全国人民代表大会三次会议的开幕式上,李克强总理提出:“今年粮食产量要稳定在1.1万亿斤以上,保障粮食安全和主要农产品供给”。这在一方面说明我国政府依然高度关注国家粮食安全问题;另一方面说明国家正在积极应对粮食安全新常态,制定粮食安全战略。本文试图通过回顾我国政府基于粮食安全所采取的市场的调控政策,对我国粮食市场的发展现状进行梳理,并且通过分析粮食市场的调控效果,找到我国粮食市场的调控政策主要存在的问题,结合国际典型国家粮食调控经验,提出相关建议。通过对我国粮食市场主要调控政策:粮食支持政策、粮食储备政策、政策性粮食竞价销售、粮食进口政策的简单介绍,分析国家为实现不同宏观目标所采用的不同政策组合,发现我国粮食市场的调控还存在几个主要问题仍需解决:首先,粮食财政支持政策结构过于单一、生产者扶持力度不够,市场的调控政策结构仍需完善;其次,价格支持政策向农户“授之以鱼”而非“授之以渔”,其副作用不可小觑;第三,粮食库存及生产地域发展不平衡、粮食需求增速较快等问题亟待解决;最后,粮食流通基层工作仍存在不足,基础设施建设薄弱等问题也较为突出。基于以上问题,在借鉴我国历史调控政策经验和国外先进政策实施经验的基础上,提出了三个政策建议:首先,充分利用“绿箱政策”与“黄箱政策”,建立科学完善的粮食支持政策体系;其次,充分利用国内、国外,粮食、要素,期货、现货“两个市场”的资源;最后,加强国家粮储基建,提高粮食储备总体水平,最终实现粮食安全的总战略目标。
[Abstract]:Grain, as the most basic food, supports the economic development of our country and has a bearing on social stability. On March 5, 2015, at the opening ceremony of the third session of the Twelfth National people's Congress, Prime Minister Li Keqiang said: "this year's grain production should be stable at more than 1.1 trillion jin, to ensure food security and supply of major agricultural products." On the one hand, this indicates that our government is still highly concerned about the issue of national food security; on the other hand, our country is actively responding to the new normal situation of food security and formulating a food security strategy. This paper attempts to review the market regulation policies adopted by our government based on grain security, to sort out the current situation of grain market development in China, and to analyze the effect of grain market regulation and control. This paper finds out the main problems existing in the regulation policy of grain market in China, and puts forward some relevant suggestions based on the experience of food regulation and control in typical countries of the world. Through the brief introduction of the main regulation and control policies of China's grain market: grain support policy, grain reserve policy, policy grain bidding sales, grain import policy, this paper analyzes the different policy combinations adopted by the country to achieve different macro objectives. It is found that there are still several main problems to be solved in the regulation of grain market in China. Firstly, the structure of grain financial support policy is too single, the support of producers is not enough, and the policy structure of market regulation and control still needs to be improved. The side-effects of the price support policy to farmers to "give them fish" rather than "fish" should not be underestimated; third, the development of grain stocks and production regions is unbalanced, and the growth rate of grain demand is relatively fast. Finally, there are many problems to be solved. Grain circulation grass-roots work is still inadequate, weak infrastructure construction and other problems are more prominent. Based on the above problems, based on the experience of China's historical regulation and control policy and the foreign advanced policy implementation experience, this paper puts forward three policy suggestions: first, make full use of "Green Box Policy" and "Yellow Box Policy". To establish a scientific and sound grain support policy system; secondly, to make full use of the "two markets" of domestic, foreign, food, essential, futures and spot resources; and finally, to strengthen the national grain storage infrastructure and raise the overall level of grain reserves. Finally, achieve the overall strategic goal of food security.
【学位授予单位】：首都经济贸易大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F326.11

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