辽宁省水资源管理问题研究

发布时间：2018-01-13 11:44

本文关键词：辽宁省水资源管理问题研究　出处：《东北财经大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：水是生命的源泉,水资源作为人类社会的基础性自然资源和战略性经济资源,是所有资源中不可替代的一种非常重要的资源。水资源问题早已成为当今世界严峻问题,这是由于水资源和人口、生活以及环境等方方面面紧密相关。进入21世纪以来,全球性的水危机由于世界人口快速增加以及迅猛增长的社会经济已经全面爆发,水危机就是水资源短缺以及水生态环境的恶化,使水资源的供需矛盾问题日益突出,如今到了必须要正视水问题的关键时期。这就需要实行最严格、最完善、最健全的水资源管理体制来保护生态环境、提高人居生活品质。为了确保社会经济可以持续发展和社会的文明更加进步,就需要大力开展水资源的合理开发和利用,达到对水资源的最优化配置。现如今区域经济的发展十分迅速,严重制约着辽宁省人民生活和社会经济的发展要素之一就是水资源的短缺。辽宁省是中国严重缺水的省份,同时也是我国东北老工业基地的代表城市之一,所以对辽宁省在水资源开发利用和管理中所存在的问题,提出科学性的建议、完善的对策和有力的解决措施是十分有必要的。本文的内容主要包括当今国内外水资源管理的研究现状、辽宁省水资源现状及我省水资源管理中所存在的主要问题,并结合我省实际的现实情况,综合提出实现水资源可持续发展目标的水资源管理对策和建议。第一部分导论主要阐述了论文选题的研究背景和研究意义,并对国内外主要的水资源管理相关文献进行分析、整合、综述,同时介绍了国内外水资源管理研究阶段性现状和发展趋势,最后对本文的研究内容和思路以及运用到的研究方法进行详细的陈述。第二部分的主要内容是论文涉及到的概念解释以及相关理论。本章对水资源和水资源管理的概念进行解释,并对公共资源理论和可持续水资源发展理论做出详细阐明。第三部分是对辽宁省水资源现状及水资源管理存在的主要问题进行详细的分析说明。首先概括介绍辽宁省地理位置及气候条件等特殊自然情况,然后分析了辽宁省水资源短缺、污染和浪费情况现象,最后明确指出我省水资源管理存在的问题,即第一,水资源管理目标方向不明确；第二,水资源管理的法律法规还不够健全；第三,水资源统一管理体制不够完善；第四,水资源管理技术不先进,导致水资源污染、浪费现象严重；第五,短缺的水资源管理经费造成了水资源管理规划的进行缺乏保障。第四部分主要介绍了美国和法国先进的水资源管理模式和取得的优秀成果,结合我省的实际情况总结出值得我们借鉴的宝贵经验。第五部分综合对前面内容的分析研究,明确提出提高辽宁省水资源管理的对策建议。第一,要加强水资源管理的法制建设,完善相关法律法规；第二,要实行一体化水资源统一管理体制,在管理制度、执行制度、监督制度、政绩考核制度、公众参与制度等方面进行完善；第三,加快科技创新,建设可持续发展节约型社会；第四,优化水资源配置,加强协调平衡水资源供给关系,使我省水资源得到高效利用；第五,充分利用市场经济的协调作用,建立统一标准的水价机制、合理的水资源费征收制度,使我省水资源管理工作协调统一、有序高效的展开,实现水资源可持续发展的管理目标。水资源管理的基本前提是保护生态环境,核心宗旨是要保障经济社会发展,最终的目标是实现水资源的可持续发展。为了快速地推进水资源管理体制改革创新,实现可持续地满足社会经济发展的目标,就要系统的综合运用经济、法律、行政和技术等手段,对水资源的分配、开发、利用和保护进行高效、科学、合理的系统管理。
[Abstract]:Water is the source of life, water resources as the foundation of human society and natural resources and strategic economic resources, all resources can not be replaced in a very important resource. The problem of water resources had become serious problems, which is due to the water resources and population, living environment and other aspects are closely related.
Since twenty-first Century, the global water crisis due to the rapid increase in world population and the rapid growth of social economy has full-blown, water crisis is the shortage of water resources and deterioration of water ecological environment, the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources have become increasingly prominent, now at a critical period must face the problem of water. This requires the implementation of the most stringent and the most perfect, the most robust water resources management system to protect the ecological environment, improve the quality of human life. In order to ensure social and economic sustainable development and social civilization progress, we need to develop the reasonable exploitation and utilization of water resources, optimal allocation of water resources.
Now the development of the regional economy is very rapid, shortage restricts one of the development factors of Liaoning province people's life and the social economy is water resources. Liaoning province is a serious water shortage in Chinese provinces, and one of the representative city is China's northeast old industrial base in Liaoning Province, so the problems existing in the development and utilization of water resources and management in the problem, put forward the scientific advice, perfect countermeasures and powerful measures is very necessary.
The main content of this paper includes the research present situation of domestic water resources management, the main problems of water resources in Liaoning province and water resources management, the reality and combining the reality of our province, put forward the comprehensive goal to realize sustainable development of water resources in water resources management countermeasures and suggestions.
The first part is the introduction, mainly introduces the research background and significance of the research, and the related literature at home and abroad mainly carries on the analysis of water resources management, integration, review, and introduces the status quo and development stage of management of water resources at home and at the end of the trend, the research content and research ideas and methods applied to the detail the statement.
The second part is the conceptual explanation and related theories. This chapter explains the concept of water resources and water resources management, and expounds the theory of public resources and the theory of sustainable water resources development.
The third part is the present situation and main problems of water resources management of water resources in Liaoning province are analyzed in detail. This paper first introduces the Liaoning geographical location and climate conditions of the special natural conditions, and then analyzes the Liaoning province water resources shortage, pollution and waste phenomenon, it is clearly pointed out that the existing water resources management problems, i.e. first, the direction of water resources management goal is not clear; second, laws and regulations of water resources management is not perfect; third, the unified water resources management system is not perfect; fourth, water resource management technology is not advanced, resulting in the pollution of water resource, serious waste; fifth, the shortage of funds caused by the water resources management in water resources management planning the lack of security.
The fourth part mainly introduces the advanced water resources management mode and outstanding achievements of the United States and France, and summarizes the valuable experience that we should learn from the actual situation of our province.
The fifth part of the front of the content analysis, put forward countermeasures to improve the water resources management in Liaoning province. First, to strengthen the construction of legal system of water resources management, improve relevant laws and regulations; second, to the implementation of integrated water resources management system, the management system, execution system, supervision system, performance evaluation system, public participation other aspects of the system were improved; third, accelerate technological innovation, sustainable development of economical society; fourth, optimize the allocation of water resources, strengthen coordination and balance between the supply of water resources, make our province water use efficiency; fifth, make full use of the coordinating role of the market economy, the price mechanism to establish a unified standard, water resources fee collection system reasonable, I make the water resources management work coordination, expand orderly and efficient, to achieve the sustainable development of water resources management.
The basic premise of water resources management is to protect the ecological environment, the core purpose is to protect the economic and social development, the ultimate goal is to achieve sustainable development of water resources. In order to promote the reform and innovation of the management system of water resources, to achieve sustainable economic development to meet the social goals, to comprehensive use of economic system, legal, administrative and technology of water resources allocation, development, utilization and protection of scientific management system, efficient and reasonable.

【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV213.4

【参考文献】