金华市产业转移的动因及其对经济发展的影响研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 06:03

本文选题：产业转移 + 产业转移动因　；参考：《浙江师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：中国东部沿海地带是承接国际产业转移的前沿阵地,由此,沿海各省份的经济发展取得了令人瞩目的成绩,但地区内部经济发展差异明显。另外,近年来,随着东南亚和非洲国家制造业的迅速发展,中国东部沿海地区土地、劳动力价格上涨和环境负荷加大以及我国中西部地区资源要素积累和政策导向,东部沿海地带的产业逐渐表现出外移倾向。在这一大背景下,以金华为代表的沿海欠发达地区,地处沿海发达地区和内陆欠发达地区的交接地带,产业发展也表现出明显的过渡性质：在承接国际产业转移过程中被上海、苏南地区、杭州、宁波等更具相对优势的城市和地区所拦截,自身的产业结构优化调整过程又需要外迁部分不具比较优势的产业部门或价值链环节。因此,金华市产业转移具有明显的“双重性”特征——承接产业转移与产业外移同时进行。如今,金华市产业转移正如火如荼。那么,金华市产业转移受哪些因素的驱动?金华市产业转移对地区经济发展的哪些方面产生了影响以及影响程度如何?也就是说,金华市承接产业转移和产业外移的动因及对经济发展的影响问题,将直接影响到金华市今后的产业发展和政策走向,亟需给出明确回答与合理解释。文章基本上围绕以下几方面展开：首先在系统梳理国内外产业转移研究成果的基础上,以要素禀赋理论、劳动密集型产业转移理论、边际产业扩张论、产业梯度转移理论、产业集群理论及社会关系网络研究、政府管制理论为指导,构建了金华市产业转移动因理论框架；以新增长理论、新贸易理论、价值链理论、产业结构理论与贸易环境效应理论为指导,构建了金华市产业转移效应理论体系。其次结合金华市经济发展特点和产业转移现状,明确指出金华市产业转移最大的特点在于承接国外、中国东部发达地区产业转移的同时,其本身也有部分产业向境外和国内其他省份迁移。也就是说,金华市产业转移具有承接产业转移和产业外移同时进行的“双重性”特征。并且针对这一特点尝试构建了金华市产业转移测度体系：1)以FDI、加工贸易出口、港澳台商与外商工业投资三部分之和表示金华市承接国际产业转移规模；2)以内资工业投资代表金华市承接国内产业转移规模；3)利用对境外投资、对省内其他地市投资、对境内其他省份投资三部分之和来衡量金华市产业外移规模。再次凭借上述体系对金华市承接产业转移和产业外移的动因做了更进一步地探讨。认为金华市承接产业转移的动因在于要素制约与资源综合利用、产业结构的差异性与互补性、政策导向以及区域一体化发展需要,而产业外移的动因则体现在企业成本节约和市场扩张、产业结构调整和产业合理分工、政策导向和城市功能定位三方面。并且采用多元线性回归模型进行实证分析,结果表明：1)金华市承接产业转移的首要驱动力在于企业发展要素尤其是资金要素的制约；2)产业外移的最主要动因是促进产业分工与产业升级；3)区域一体化发展要求是金华市产业转移的重要驱动力。接着采用定性与定量相结合的方法系统分析了金华市产业转移对经济发展的影响。认为金华市产业转移对区域经济发展产生了正、负两方面的效应,并且正效应要远远大于其负效应。具体而言,金华市产业转移对区域经济发展的影响集中体现在区域产业结构、劳动力就业、技术进步、资本注入、对外贸易发展、资源环境保护、城市发展和财税八个方面,并且对区域劳动力就业的影响表现为负效应。之后针对时间序列进行的协整检验和Granger因果检验也再次证实：1)金华市经济发展同时受到承接产业转移和产业外移的影响；2)产业外移对区域技术进步、资本注入、对外贸易发展、财税和劳动力就业方面的影响要大于承接产业转移对上述各方面的影响,但对区域产业结构调整和城市发展方面的影响则较小；3)金华市技术、资本要素是引致国际产业转移至此的格兰杰原因,而国内产业转移更看重的是金华市制造业竞争力；4)区域产业结构调整与优化既是金华市承接产业转移的引力,也是金华市产业外移的推力。最后文章针对研究发现的问题和结果提出相应的对策和建议,包括：1)加快推进产业群向现代产业集群转型升级；2)加快推进区域一体化建设；3)寻找阶段利益差,引导产业有序转移；4)科学制定相应政策,建设服务型政府；5)实施工业创新驱动发展战略,提升区域创新能力；6)强化人力资本建设,避免人才外流；7)注重生态环境保护,建设“生态金华”等。
[Abstract]:The eastern coastal zone of China is the frontier position to undertake international industrial transfer. Thus, the economic development of the coastal provinces has made remarkable achievements, but the regional economic development differences are obvious. In addition, in recent years, with the rapid development of manufacturing in Southeast Asia and African countries, the land and labor prices in the eastern coastal areas of China are rising. With the increase of environmental load and the accumulation of resource elements and policy orientation in the central and western regions of China, the industries in the eastern coastal zone are gradually moving out. Under this background, the underdeveloped coastal areas, represented by Jinhua, are located in the transition zone between the developed coastal areas and the underdeveloped areas, and the industrial development is also obvious. Transition nature: in the process of undertaking international industrial transfer, it is intercepted by cities and regions which have more relative advantages in Shanghai, South of Jiangsu, Hangzhou and Ningbo. The process of optimization and adjustment of its own industrial structure needs the industrial sector or value chain without comparative advantage. Therefore, the industrial transfer of Jinhua has a clear "double". The characteristics of the industrial transfer and industrial shift are carried on simultaneously. Now, the industrial transfer in Jinhua is in full swing. Then, what factors are driven by the industrial transfer in Jinhua? What are the effects of industrial transfer in Jinhua on the economic development of the region and the extent of its impact? That is to say, the city of Jinhua will undertake industrial transfer. The motive of migration and the migration of the industry and the influence on the economic development will directly affect the future industrial development and policy trend of Jinhua, and it is urgent to give a clear answer and reasonable explanation.
The article is basically carried out in the following aspects:
First, on the basis of systematically combing the research results of industrial transfer at home and abroad, the theory of factor endowment, the theory of labor intensive industry transfer, the theory of marginal industry expansion, the theory of industrial gradient transfer, the theory of industrial cluster and social relations network, and the theory of government regulation have been used to construct the theoretical framework of the motivation of industrial transfer in Jinhua. The new growth theory, the new trade theory, the value chain theory, the industrial structure theory and the trade environment effect theory have been guided to construct the industrial transfer effect theory system of Jinhua.
Secondly, according to the characteristics of Jinhua's economic development and the status of industrial transfer, it is clearly pointed out that the biggest characteristic of the industrial transfer in Jinhua is to undertake foreign countries and the industrial transfer in the developed regions of eastern China, while it also has some industries moving abroad and other provinces in China. That is to say, the industrial transfer of Jinhua has the transfer of industry and the transfer of industry. At the same time, the "dual character" characteristics of the industry are carried out at the same time. And aiming at this characteristic, the measurement system of industrial transfer in Jinhua is tried to build: 1) FDI, the export of processing trade, the three parts of the Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan and foreign industries, and the scale of Jinhua to undertake the international industrial transfer; 2) the domestic investment in the domestic industry represents Jinhua. The scale of industrial transfer; 3) using foreign investment, investing in other cities in the province and investing three parts of the other provinces in China to measure the scale of Jinhua's industrial migration.
By virtue of the above system, the reasons for Jinhua to undertake industrial transfer and industrial migration are further discussed. The reasons for Jinhua to undertake industrial transfer are factor restriction and comprehensive utilization of resources, the difference and complementarity of industrial structure, policy orientation and the needs of regional integration development, and the motivation of industrial migration It is embodied in the three aspects of enterprise cost saving and market expansion, industrial structure adjustment and industrial division of labor, policy orientation and urban function positioning. The multiple linear regression model is used to carry out empirical analysis. The results show that: 1) the primary driving force to undertake industrial transfer in Jinhua is restricted by the factors of enterprise development, especially the capital factors. 2) the most important driving force for industrial relocation is to promote industrial division and industrial upgrading; 3) the requirement of regional integration is an important driving force for industrial transfer in Jinhua.
Then the influence of industrial transfer in Jinhua on economic development is systematically analyzed by the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. It is believed that the industrial transfer of Jinhua has produced positive and negative effects on regional economic development, and the positive effect is far greater than its negative effect. In particular, the impact of industrial transfer in Jinhua on regional economic development is set up in Jinhua. It is reflected in eight aspects of regional industrial structure, labor employment, technological progress, capital injection, foreign trade development, resource and environment protection, urban development and finance and taxation, and negative effects on regional labor employment. Then the cointegration test and Granger causality test for time series are also confirmed again: 1) Jinhua City At the same time, economic development is affected by industrial transfer and industrial shift; 2) the impact of industrial migration on regional technological progress, capital injection, foreign trade development, financial and tax and labor employment is greater than the impact of industrial transfer on the above aspects, but the impact on regional industrial structure adjustment and urban development is more than that. 3) 3) Jinhua city technology, capital factor is the cause of the transfer of international industry to this, and the domestic industrial transfer is more important in Jinhua's manufacturing competitiveness; 4) the adjustment and optimization of regional industrial structure is not only the gravitational pull of industrial transfer in Jinhua, but also the thrust of the industrial migration of Jinhua.
Finally, the article put forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions for the problems and results, including: 1) speeding up the upgrading of industrial clusters to modern industrial clusters; 2) speeding up the construction of regional integration; 3) looking for the difference of interest in the stage, guiding the orderly transfer of the industry; 4) formulating corresponding policies, building a service-oriented government; 5) implementing workers. Industry innovation drives development strategy, promotes regional innovation ability; 6) strengthen human capital construction, avoid talent outflow; 7) pay attention to ecological environment protection, and build "ecological Jinhua".

【学位授予单位】：浙江师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F121.3;F124

【参考文献】