渤海湾潮流以及浪流相互作用的特征分析

发布时间：2018-04-26 00:10

本文选题：渤海湾 + 潮流变化特征　；参考：《中国海洋大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：渤海是我国唯一的半封闭型内海，潮流和海浪是其主要动力因素。在环渤海区域经济发展的关键时期，研究渤海区域的海洋动力特征，掌握其变化规律，对海洋蓝色经济的发展有着深远的意义。本文利用渤海埕北石油A平台附近的AWAC数据资料分析了该海区的潮流和海浪特征以及两者的相互作用。潮流谱分析结果表明，半日潮流（M2和S2）和全日潮流（K1和O1）在该地区潮流中占主导地位。调和分析结果表明，潮流椭圆随深度旋转，且以逆时针旋转为主，潮流振幅存在显著的垂向变化。4个主要分潮随深度变化的特征表明该地区流动受底边界层影响，而上层流动则明显受海表面风和浪的影响。基于EOF分解的东西方向潮流的垂向模态中，零阶模态的方差贡献率为89.37%，斜压模态的方差贡献很小，表明东西向的流动有较强的正压性特征。而南北方向潮流的垂向模态中，各高阶模态的总方差贡献率高达50%，体现了南北方向流动的斜压性特征。波浪数据的统计分析结果表明，在整个测量的时间段内，有效波高基本都是小于3m的，其中又以0.3m左右大小的有效波高出现的最为频繁。谱峰波向以东向为主，且波动较大。在有效波高较大的时间段内，谱峰波向相对较稳定，谱峰周期也相对较长。频率在0.15~0.3Hz范围内的波浪的能量密度最大。且有效波高大的情况下，波浪的能量密度也大，能量分布的频域也较广。结合潮流和波浪的数据，讨论了水深和潮流对波浪的影响以及波浪对潮流的影响，初步认识了浪流相互作用的机制，包括底边界摩擦、水深、潮流折射以及固有周期和绝对周期的调整。潮周期性特征的作用在对波浪要素的影响过程和浪对流的影响过程中得以突出体现。为了正确地分析无浪影响的潮流特征和潮平均下的波浪要素特征，都需要理解浪流相互作用的机制。例如，随着波高的变大，，潮流的振幅会随之减小。
[Abstract]:Bohai is the only semi enclosed inland sea in China. Tidal currents and waves are its main dynamic factors. In the critical period of economic development around Bohai region, it is of profound significance to study the marine dynamic characteristics of the Bohai region and grasp its changing rules, and it is of profound significance to the development of the marine blue economy. The AWAC data of the Chengbei petroleum A platform in Bohai is used in this paper. The tidal current and wave characteristics of the sea area and their interactions are analyzed.
The results of the flow spectrum analysis show that the half day tidal current (M2 and S2) and the all day flow (K1 and O1) dominate the tidal current in this area. The results of harmonic analysis show that the tidal current ellipse rotates with the depth, and is dominated by the counter clockwise rotation, and the amplitude of the tidal current has significant vertical variation. The characteristics of the variation of the tidal wave amplitude and the variation of the main tide with depth indicate that the flow is under the bottom of the region. The boundary layer is influenced by the boundary layer, while the upper flow is obviously influenced by the sea surface wind and the waves. In the vertical mode of the East-West trend based on the EOF decomposition, the variance contribution rate of the zero order mode is 89.37%, the variance contribution of the baroclinic mode is very small, which indicates that the East-West flow has a strong positive pressure characteristic. The contribution rate of the total variance of the order mode is as high as 50%, which reflects the baroclinic characteristics of the north-south direction.
The results of the statistical analysis of the wave data show that the effective wave height is basically less than 3m within the time period of the whole measurement, and the most frequent occurrence of the effective wave height around 0.3m is the most frequent. The peak wave to the East is dominant and fluctuates. The peak wave direction is relatively stable and the peak period of the spectrum peak is also relatively stable in the time period of the effective wave height. For longer, the energy density of waves in the range of 0.15~0.3Hz is the largest. And when the effective wave is tall, the energy density of the wave is large, and the frequency domain of the energy distribution is also wide.
Combined with the data of tidal and wave, the influence of water depth and tidal current on waves and the influence of wave on the flow are discussed. The mechanism of wave interaction is preliminarily recognized, including the friction of the bottom boundary, the depth of water, the refraction of the flow and the adjustment of the inherent period and absolute period. In order to correctly analyze the characteristics of the tidal current and the characteristics of the wave elements under the tide average, the mechanism of the wave interaction should be understood correctly. For example, the amplitude of the flow will decrease with the increase of the wave height.

【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：P731.2

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