科技企业孵化器效率及对区域创新经济的影响研究
发布时间：2018-07-16 18:34
【摘要】：自20世纪50年代企业孵化器概念诞生以来,经过半个世纪的发展,企业孵化器已经在全世界范围内得到快速的扩张。尤其是近十几年来在发展中国家的发展尤其如此,早在2007年,中国科技企业孵化器的数量已经位居世界第二。作为国家和区域创新系统的重要环节,科技企业孵化器在创新型区域和创新型城市建设系统中的作用越来越重要。虽然学术界对企业孵化器开展了诸多研究,但是从不同层面对科技企业孵化器进行研究却很少。因此,深入探讨中国科技企业孵化器各功能维度下的运行效率及对区域创新经济的影响具有重要的学术价值和实践意义。 在科技企业孵化器相关文献及理论阐释的基础上,本文将中国科技企业孵化器的演化划分为四代和五个功能维度；运用SFA方法分别测算出孵化器各功能维度的效率值,并进行聚类分析；运用SFA和ANOVA方法,从微观层面的企业、中观层面的孵化器和宏观层面的区域对效率影响因素进行分析。具体而言,企业层面,从危机管理(Crisis Management, CM)的视角来研究孵化器内外部企业在产品伤害危机处理上的差异性；孵化器层面,将战略性小生境管理(Strategic Niche Management, SNM)理论引入到孵化器概念当中,探讨孵化器管理者对效率的影响；区域层面,基于外部性理论(Jacobs externality)探讨了孵化器所在城市的外部性对效率的影响。最后,在新经济古典增长理论和内生经济增长理论的基础上,运用β分析方法探讨科技企业孵化器对于区域经济收敛性和区域创新水平收敛性的影响。 研究结果发现：(1)中国科技企业孵化器的总体效率值偏低,其中在“孵化新创企业”和“振兴区域经济”两个功能维度上的效率较高,而在“促进科技成果转化”、“获取盈利方面”和“增加区域就业”维度上的效率值偏低。(2)根据聚类分析结果,中国科技企业孵化器存在六种形态：创业导向型、经济导向型、创新导向型、盈利导向型、普遍高效型和普遍低效型。(3)孵化器内部企业在处理产品伤害危机方面的能力比外部企业更强,这类企业具备更强的生存能力,会对孵化器绩效产生更大的积极影响。(4)孵化器管理者对孵化效率的影响较为复杂,其中孵化器管理者的内外部网络构建职能对创业效率、创新效率和盈利效率产生负影响,表明孵化器内外部网络并没有发挥作用,反而成为Peters所称之的“坏网络”(bad networks);孵化器管理者的“学习”构建职能中,管理服务对大多数效率有显著性积极影响,而技术服务没有显著影响,反映了多数孵化器管理者无法针对园区内的高新技术企业提供有价值的核心技术服务,即没有能力扮演Brnneel所谓的“技术经济人”(technical broker)角色。(5)在孵化效率的影响因素中,作为控制变量的孵化器年限对各个维度的效率均有显著性负影响,反映了新成立的孵化器有着更高的效率。(6)城市外部性对效率的影响并不显著,但外商直接投资(FDI)除外。(7)科技企业孵化器并没有促进区域经济的收敛性,但增强了区域创新水平的收敛性。 本文的主要创新点： (1)分别测度了科技企业孵化器不同功能维度的运行效率,并从孵化行为的角度来分析孵化器特征。通过聚类分析,发现中国科技企业孵化器存在六种形态,即创业导向型、创新导向型、政治导向型、盈利导向型、普遍高效型和普遍低效型。 (2)将战略性小生境管理理论(Strategic Niche Management,SNM)引入到企业孵化器的研究中,探讨孵化器管理者对不同孵化效率的影响。分别测度了孵化器管理者期望(expectations)、网络(networks)和学习(learning)三方面的职能对五种不同孵化效率的影响。 (3)探讨了科技企业孵化器对区域经济收敛性和创新能力收敛性的影响。虽然国内外对企业孵化器的功能有较多研究,但是关于科技企业孵化器对区域创新经济影响的定量研究尚未见到。
[Abstract]:Since the inception of the concept of enterprise incubator in the 1950s , the enterprise incubator has been expanding rapidly over the world . Especially in the past decade in developing countries , the role of incubator of science and technology enterprises has become more and more important in developing countries .
Based on the literature and theoretical explanation of incubator of science and technology enterprises , this paper divides the evolution of incubator of science and technology enterprises into four generations and five functional dimensions .
The efficiency values of each functional dimension of incubator were calculated by SFA method , and cluster analysis was carried out .
Based on SFA and ANOVA , the factors of efficiency are analyzed from micro - level enterprises , meso - level incubator and macro - level area .
The strategic niche management ( SNM ) theory is introduced into the concept of incubator at the level of incubator , and the effect of incubator manager on efficiency is discussed .
At last , on the basis of the theory of new economic classical growth and the theory of endogenous economic growth , the influence of technological enterprise incubator on the convergence of regional economic convergence and regional innovation level is discussed by using 尾 analysis method .
The results show that : ( 1 ) The efficiency of the incubator is low , and the efficiency of the incubator manager is lower than that of external enterprises . ( 2 ) The ability of the incubator manager to deal with the crisis of product injury is more complex . ( 7 ) The incubator of science and technology enterprises does not promote the convergence of regional economy , but the convergence of regional innovation level is enhanced .
The main innovation points in this paper are as follows :
( 1 ) The operational efficiency of different functional dimensions of incubator of science and technology enterprises is measured , and the characteristics of incubator are analyzed from the angle of hatching behavior .
( 2 ) The strategic niche management theory ( SNM ) is introduced into the research of business incubator , and the influence of incubator manager on different hatching efficiency is discussed . The influence of incubator manager ' s expectation , network and learning function on five different hatching efficiency is measured .
( 3 ) The effect of incubator on regional economic convergence and convergence of innovation ability is discussed . Although there are many researches on the function of business incubator at home and abroad , the quantitative research on the effect of incubator on regional innovation economy has not yet been seen .
【学位授予单位】：中国科学技术大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F276.44;F124.3
本文编号：2127274
[Abstract]:Since the inception of the concept of enterprise incubator in the 1950s , the enterprise incubator has been expanding rapidly over the world . Especially in the past decade in developing countries , the role of incubator of science and technology enterprises has become more and more important in developing countries .
Based on the literature and theoretical explanation of incubator of science and technology enterprises , this paper divides the evolution of incubator of science and technology enterprises into four generations and five functional dimensions .
The efficiency values of each functional dimension of incubator were calculated by SFA method , and cluster analysis was carried out .
Based on SFA and ANOVA , the factors of efficiency are analyzed from micro - level enterprises , meso - level incubator and macro - level area .
The strategic niche management ( SNM ) theory is introduced into the concept of incubator at the level of incubator , and the effect of incubator manager on efficiency is discussed .
At last , on the basis of the theory of new economic classical growth and the theory of endogenous economic growth , the influence of technological enterprise incubator on the convergence of regional economic convergence and regional innovation level is discussed by using 尾 analysis method .
The results show that : ( 1 ) The efficiency of the incubator is low , and the efficiency of the incubator manager is lower than that of external enterprises . ( 2 ) The ability of the incubator manager to deal with the crisis of product injury is more complex . ( 7 ) The incubator of science and technology enterprises does not promote the convergence of regional economy , but the convergence of regional innovation level is enhanced .
The main innovation points in this paper are as follows :
( 1 ) The operational efficiency of different functional dimensions of incubator of science and technology enterprises is measured , and the characteristics of incubator are analyzed from the angle of hatching behavior .
( 2 ) The strategic niche management theory ( SNM ) is introduced into the research of business incubator , and the influence of incubator manager on different hatching efficiency is discussed . The influence of incubator manager ' s expectation , network and learning function on five different hatching efficiency is measured .
( 3 ) The effect of incubator on regional economic convergence and convergence of innovation ability is discussed . Although there are many researches on the function of business incubator at home and abroad , the quantitative research on the effect of incubator on regional innovation economy has not yet been seen .
【学位授予单位】：中国科学技术大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F276.44;F124.3
【引证文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 惠艳;;创新型经济下企业活动约束研究[J];商业经济研究;2017年09期
相关硕士学位论文 前3条
1 秦耀东;天使投资与企业孵化器融合发展研究[D];安徽大学;2017年
2 章涛;区域间孵化器效率研究[D];浙江工商大学;2017年
3 周志刚;企业孵化器的制度分析[D];内蒙古师范大学;2015年
，本文编号：2127274
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