加快推进萧山城乡基本公共服务均等化的对策研究

发布时间：2019-03-17 18:34

【摘要】：随着经济社会的快速发展，城乡差距、区域差距、不同层次群体之间差距有越来越大的趋势，近年来，党中央连续作出建设全面小康社会、推进新型城镇化、加快“四化”融合、扩大内需的战略决策，其核心目标就是要加快城乡统筹一体化发展，其中的一大关键点就是农村是否可以提供和城市一样的基本公共服务，也就是城乡基本公共服务均等化。逐步实现基本公共服务均等化，对于缓解城乡、区域、阶层之间差距都具有积极作用和重要意义，是我国经济转轨、社会转型的关键时期提出的具有重大意义的战略决策。当前，全国各级各部门都在探索以实现城乡基本公共服务一体化为核心的城乡一体化发展路径，但由于基本公共服务的公共属性决定必然需要当地政府的大量财政投入。萧山区作为改革开放先行地区之一，改革开放以来，区域经济一直平稳较快发展，综合实力始终排在全国县市区级前十名，基本公共服务供给也取得长足的进步和较明显的成效，应该有能力也有必要在此方面率先作出一定的探索和实践，为全省及至全国破解城乡二元结构、建立均衡化的基本公共服务供给体系提供实现路径选择。本文采取逻辑分析法、文献研究法、实证分析法、理论分析与经验分析相结合等研究方法，，对萧山区基本公共服务均等化进行深入的研究分析。本文突出问题导向，首先分别从国家层面提出的新要求、浙江省实行的新举措、群众的时代新期盼等角度阐明开展本次研究的必要性和紧迫性，并对国内相关研究成果进行了简要总结和主要差异述评；其次从调查分析目前萧山区城乡基本公共服务供给的总体水平入手，总结得出萧山区之所以在基本公共服务均等化方面取得阶段性成果的拥有强大经济基础、突破重点难点领域、政府强力主导等三方面的经验启示。再次，尝试通过比较区域之间、城乡之间、镇街之间基本公共服务供给不均等状况，剖析基本公共服务供给中存在的问题，从历史角度、财政体制等方面探析产生非均衡化现象的城乡二元结构、公共财政体制、公共服务供给机制等三大主因。最后，试图立足萧山经济社会发展的现状和趋势，从总体思路、制度创新、任务路线图等方面提出相关建议，提出了以政府为主导，扩大覆盖面、提高均等化程度为重点，深化户籍制度改革、保障公共服务资金公平供给、探索公共服务多元化供给机制、建立基于群众需求反馈的决策机制等关键领域制度创新，加快推进就业、社会保障、教育、医疗卫生、公共文化服务、基础设施、生态环境、公共安全等8个方面有形和无形公共服务的具体发展目标。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy and society, the gap between urban and rural areas, and the gap between different levels of groups are increasing. In recent years, the CPC Central Committee has made continuous efforts to build an all-round well-off society and promote new urbanization. The core objective of the strategic decision to accelerate the integration of the "four modernizations" and expand domestic demand is to accelerate the integrated development of urban and rural areas as a whole. One of the key points is whether the rural areas can provide the same basic public services as the cities. That is, the equalization of basic public services in urban and rural areas. The gradual realization of equalization of basic public services plays an active and important role in alleviating the gap between urban and rural areas, regions and strata. It is a strategic decision of great significance in the critical period of economic transition and social transformation in China. At present, all the departments at all levels of the country are exploring the development path of urban-rural integration with the core of realizing the integration of urban and rural basic public services. However, due to the public nature of basic public services, a large amount of financial input from local governments is necessary. Xiaoshan District, as one of the leading areas of reform and opening-up, has been developing steadily and rapidly since the reform and opening-up, and its overall strength has always ranked among the top ten counties and cities in the country. The supply of basic public services has also made considerable progress and achieved relatively obvious results, and it should be able and necessary to take the lead in making certain explorations and practices in this regard, in order to decipher the dual structure of urban and rural areas for the whole province and the whole country. The establishment of balanced basic public service supply system provides path selection. In this paper, logical analysis, literature research, empirical analysis, theoretical analysis and empirical analysis are used to study and analyze the equalization of basic public services in Xiaoshan District. This article highlights the problem-oriented, first of all from the national level put forward new requirements, Zhejiang Province, the implementation of new measures, the people's new expectations of the times and other angles to illustrate the necessity and urgency of this study, At the same time, the related domestic research results are summarized briefly and the main differences are reviewed. Secondly, starting with the investigation and analysis of the general level of basic public service supply in urban and rural areas of Xiaoshan District at present, the author concludes that Xiaoshan District has a strong economic foundation for achieving phased achievements in the equalization of basic public services. Break through the key and difficult areas, strong government leadership and other three aspects of experience inspiration. Thirdly, this paper attempts to analyze the problems existing in the supply of basic public services from the historical point of view by comparing the unequal supply of basic public services among regions, between urban and rural areas and between towns and streets, and analyzes the problems existing in the supply of basic public services. Fiscal system and other aspects of the phenomenon of urban and rural dual structure, public financial system, public service supply mechanism and other three main causes. Finally, based on the current situation and trend of Xiaoshan's economic and social development, this paper puts forward some relevant suggestions from the aspects of overall thinking, institutional innovation, task road map, etc., and puts forward the emphasis on government-led, expanding coverage and improving the degree of equalization. We will deepen reform of the household registration system, ensure fair supply of funds for public services, explore diversified supply mechanisms for public services, establish decision-making mechanisms based on feedback on the needs of the masses, and speed up the promotion of employment, social security, and education. Health care, public cultural services, infrastructure, ecological environment, public safety and other eight tangible and intangible development objectives of public services.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D630

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