合肥市科技型小微企业信贷融资研究

发布时间：2017-12-31 02:29

本文关键词：合肥市科技型小微企业信贷融资研究　出处：《安徽大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：科技型小微企业是增强自主创新能力的关键力量,是社会主义市场经济的重要补充。据统计,有75%以上的技术创新和65%以上的发明以及80%以上的新产品是由科技型小微企业创造的。科技型小微企业在推动技术进步,完善市场经济体系以及培育新兴产业等方面发挥着重要作用,是建设创新型国家不可或缺的力量。作为全国唯一一个“国家科技创新型试点市”的合肥,科技型小微企业更是其经济发展的重要基础。与其他小微企业相比,科技型小微企业具有“高风险、高投入,低资产”的特点,这也使其在融资过程中面临着更为严峻的困境。而作为资金主要供给者的商业银行则面临着同质化竞争、利率市场化以及金融新主角兴起(如互联网金融)的现实,使得商业银行的处境越来越不乐观。所以,加快发展科技金融是商业银行转型和金融创新的重要举措。本文设计了“科技型小微企业融资现状调查问卷”,并根据调研数据对合肥市科技型小微企业的信贷融资约束因素进行了实证分析,进而根据实证结果得出结论。最后,借鉴国内外商业银行的经营模式,不仅从中小企业融资难的传统角度而且还以商业银行创新服务视角,对如何加快科技金融发展提出了几点参考性建议。本文的主要内容如下： 1.按照原因一对策的逻辑线索对国内外相关文献进行了详尽的梳理,总结其主要观点并进行比较分析。得出如下结论：(1)银行授信是解决科技型小微企业融资难问题最实际的方式；(2)科技型小微企业的自身特点与商业银行传统的授信机制是造成其融资难的主要原因；(3)商业银行服务科技型小微企业有一定的优势也是必然选择,并且发展空间巨大。 2.根据实地调研得来的数据,对合肥市科技型小微企业的基本概况和融资现状进行分析。合肥市科技型小微企业的融资特征为：(1)资金需求额度相对较小,但较为迫切；(2)融资期限以中短期为主；(3)融资主要用于解决新产品的研发以及新市场的开拓；(4)银行授信是我市科技型小微企业的融资第一选择,但仍有65%的企业认为通过银行授信融资存在困难。 3.根据调研所得数据对合肥市科技型小微企业的信贷约束因素进行实证研究,得出科技型小微企业信贷融资的约束因素主要有政策因素、银行因素以及企业自身因素。在外部环境因素中,信用担保体系不健全、信贷政策支持不足、央行收紧银根、银行授信手续复杂、缺少专门的科技型银行、银行缺乏对科技型企业的评估能力、额度难以满足需求以及银行信贷产品种类不全等对我市科技型小微企业的信贷融资影响较为明显。从企业自身来说,无形资产比例、财务规范程度、研发能力都对企业取得银行授信产生重要影响。 4.通过对合肥市科技型小微企业的融资现状分析和融资约束的实证研究,以及美国硅谷银行经营模式和交通银行“苏州模式"的相关经验借鉴,对发展科技型小微企业信贷业务提出几点建议。
[Abstract]:Science and technology Small and micro businesses is the key to strengthen the power of independent innovation ability, is an important supplement to the socialist market economy. According to statistics, there are more than 75% of technological innovation and more than 65% inventions and more than 80% of new product is created by technology Small and micro businesses. Science and technology Small and micro businesses to promote technological progress, improve the market the economic system and plays an important role in cultivating emerging industries, is an indispensable power to building an innovative country.
As the only one of the "National Science and technology innovation pilot city" Hefei science and technology Small and micro businesses is an important base for economic development. Compared with other Small and micro businesses, science and technology Small and micro businesses with "high risk, high investment, low asset", which makes it in the process of financing faced with more serious difficulties. And as the main provider of funds of commercial banks is facing the homogenization of competition, the rise of the interest rate market and financial new protagonist (such as the Internet financial) reality, making commercial banks situation more optimistic. Therefore, accelerate the development of science and technology is an important measure of financial transformation of commercial banks and financial innovation. This paper design the high-tech small and micro enterprise financing status questionnaire ", and according to the investigation data to make an empirical analysis of Hefei city science and technology Small and micro businesses credit financing constraints, and according to the real Finally, with reference to the operation mode of domestic and foreign commercial banks, this paper not only from the traditional financing difficulties of SMEs, but also from the perspective of innovation service of commercial banks, puts forward some suggestions for accelerating the development of science and technology finance.
The main contents of this paper are as follows:
1. according to the logic clue of reason countermeasure of the related literature at home and abroad carried out a detailed combing, summarizes its main viewpoints and analyzed. Conclusions are drawn as follows: (1) the bank credit is the most practical solution of science and technology Small and micro businesses financing way; (2) the credit mechanism of high-tech Small and micro businesses of their own with the characteristics of the traditional commercial bank is the main cause of its financing; (3) commercial bank service of science and technology Small and micro businesses have certain advantages but also the inevitable choice, and a huge space for development.
2. according to the on-the-spot investigation to the data of the general situation and the financing situation of Small and micro businesses of Hefei city science and technology. The characteristics of financing of Hefei city science and technology Small and micro businesses are as follows: (1) the amount of demand for funds is relatively small, but more urgent; (2) financing in the short term to (3); the financing is mainly used to solve the development of new products and new markets; (4) the bank credit is the science and technology city Small and micro businesses financing first choice, but there are still 65% of enterprises believe that through bank credit financing difficulties.
3. according to the empirical research on the survey data Small and micro businesses credit constraints of Hefei city science and technology, science and technology constraints that Small and micro businesses credit financing are the main factors of policy factors, the bank and the enterprise's own factors. The external environment factors, the credit guarantee system is not perfect, lack of credit policy support, the central bank to tighten monetary policy bank credit, complicated procedures, lack of science and technology special bank, banks lack the capacity to evaluate science and technology enterprises, it is difficult to meet the demand and the amount of bank credit products are not congruent to the scientific and Technological City Small and micro businesses credit financing effect is more obvious. From the enterprise itself, the proportion of intangible assets, financial norms, R & D capability for enterprises to obtain bank credit have an important impact.
4., through the analysis of the financing situation of Hefei's technology small and micro businesses and the empirical research of the financing constraints, as well as the relevant experience of the Silicon Valley bank business mode and the communication bank "Suzhou mode", we will make some suggestions for developing the credit business of the small and micro technology enterprises.

【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F276.44;F832.4

【参考文献】