我国城市居民“以房养老”金融机构风险防范研究

发布时间：2018-01-09 15:24

本文关键词：我国城市居民“以房养老”金融机构风险防范研究　出处：《东北师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目前，中国已经正式进入老龄化社会，我国是人口大国，不管是老龄人口的基数还是人口老年化的速度，都处于世界平均以上水平。从现阶段发展来看，普遍形成了4-2-1式的家庭结构，老龄人口所占比重逐年上升，一线城市如北京、上海等所占比重更大，导致养老金缺口将进一步扩大。如何缓解养老资金紧张，拓宽养老资金筹集渠道，提高老年人生活质量，已成为社会各界关注的焦点问题。虽然我国社会保障事业发展速度很快，，但是起步较晚，很多政策和理论还在探索和尝试之中，所以学习借鉴发达国家成熟的社会保障制度不失为一项良策。在西方发达国家，“以房养老”已经成为各国政府解决老龄化问题的重要手段之一。我国“以房养老”首次被提出距今已有十多年。作为舶来品，面临诸多问题，相关法规制度的缺失导致发展的道路举步维艰，专家学者各持己见，褒贬不一。主要原因是这种长时间的借贷行为不确定的因素太多，而我国政策法规上又没有对其做出相应的规定，所以有可能产生各式各样的风险，如果不能很好的控制风险，不仅不能减轻养老金的压力，还会在房地产、金融、社会等方面产生新的问题。本文试图找出我国城市居民“以房养老”过程当中存在的不足，从金融机构所面临的风险为切入点，大量参考和研究发达国家“以房养老”过程中的成功案例，总结和分析金融机构在风险防范方面的成功经验，并且结合我国的实际情况，提出相应符合我国国情的对策和建议。
[Abstract]:At present, Chinese has officially entered the aging society, China is a populous country, whether it is the base of the aging population or population aging speed in the world average level. From the present stage of development, have formed the 4-2-1 family structure type, accounting for the proportion of the elderly population increased year by year, first-tier cities such as Beijing. Shanghai accounted for a big proportion, leading to the pension gap will be further expanded. How to alleviate the pension funds, broaden the financing channels, improve the quality of life for the elderly, has become the focus of attention of the community problems. Although the speed of development of China's social security is very fast, but a late start, many policies and theories are still exploring and try, so learn from the social security system of developed countries is a good way.
In the western developed countries, "house-for-pension scheme" has become one of the important means for governments to solve the problem of aging in China. "House-for-pension scheme" was first proposed more than 10 years ago. As an exotic, facing many problems, the lack of relevant laws and regulations led to the development of the road difficult, experts and scholars are mixed. Each one sticks to his own view. The reason is too many factors of borrowing that long time is uncertain, and our policies and regulations have no corresponding regulations to make, so it is possible to produce every kind of risk, if the risk control is not very good, not only can reduce the pressure of pension, but also in the real estate, finance, new problems social aspects.
This paper tries to find out our city residents "shortcomings house-for-pension scheme" process, the risk faced by financial institutions as the starting point, a large number of developed countries for reference and Research on "the successful case of the housing endowment" in the process, summarize and analyze the financial institutions in risk prevention of the successful experience, and combined with the actual situation in our country, put forward the corresponding countermeasures according to the situation of our country and suggestions.

【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D669.6;F299.23;F832.4

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