小额贷款公司社会绩效评价研究

发布时间：2018-01-11 02:14

本文关键词：小额贷款公司社会绩效评价研究　出处：《浙江财经大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来，我国政府越来越重视中小企业融资和三农发展问题，而这些问题产生的根源在于中国金融发展不平衡。特别是，农村金融缺失使得偏远地区以及贫困人口得不到金融服务。另外由于商业银行的逐利性，中小企业不受青睐，得不到相应的资金支持从而导致资金链断裂，不利于中小企业的发展。因此，为使贫困人口脱贫，中小企业健康发展，，必须发展农村金融，为其提供资金扶持与金融服务。2008年5月4日,中国人民银行、中国银监会出台了《关于小额贷款公司试点指导意见》,正式批准了小额贷款公司的成立,允许民间资本从事信贷业务。小额贷款公司从2008年在我国进行试点以来，为众多传统商业银行无法惠及的低收入人群与小微型企业提供小额信贷等金融服务，填补农村信贷缺口并缓解小微企业融资难的瓶颈。小额贷款公司所承载的社会责任逐渐成为社会备受关注的热点。另一方面，为了促使小额贷款公司积极履行社会责任，首先必须对其社会绩效进行评估，了解其是否承担了相应的社会责任。由此，本文将对小额贷款公司社会绩效评价问题进行研究。本文首先详尽地介绍了小额信贷和小额贷款公司的概念，其在国内外的发展以及小额信贷机构的种类等内容，特别是以浙江省为例，通过该省小额贷款公司的情况，总结了小额贷款公司的运作模式，具体包括资金来源即小额贷款“只贷不存”的特点、资金运作即“小额、分散”原则。然后文章围绕小额贷款公司社会绩效展开论述。首先对社会绩效的概念做出界定，本文认为对于小额信贷机构而言，社会绩效是指为实现其扶贫目标，设定相应指标、开展经营管理，最终产生社会绩效的过程。通过比较福利主义与制度主义两种模式的小额信贷机构，指出了小额贷款公司社会绩效评价的重要性。继而分析了影响小额贷款公司社会绩效的因素以及评价体系的几个维度。对于小额贷款公司这种微型金融机构，其社会绩效包含的维度有：服务的覆盖面、服务的适应性、客户收益、社会责任四个方面。基于此，文章构建了一个多层次的小额贷款公司社会绩效指标体系，主要包含目标定位、内部治理结构与员工行为，产品和服务，客户满意程度，社会目标实现情况与财务可持续发展状况五个方面的指标。本文采用因子分析法与聚类分析法进行实证分析。实证过程中，首先采用因子分析法，将18个原始指标用少数几个公共因子来体现，从而达到降维的目的。基于此，本文成功提取了五个公共因子，并分别命名这五个因子为客户满意度因子、可持续发展因子、社会福利因子、风险控制因子以及产品与服务因子。这些主因子反映了原始变量大部分的信息，能较好地对小额贷款公司社会绩效做出评价。继而，将通过因子分析法得到的五个主因子作为变量引入进行聚类分析。聚类结果将30家小额贷款公司分为四类。基于上述实证结果，本文比较分析了浙江省各地区小额贷款公司在经营运作以及绩效表现上的异同，归纳总结了各自的特征。研究发现社会绩效高于平均绩效水平小额贷款公司多数位于经济发展水平较高的地区，但是绩效水平较高的公司同样存在不足之处，仍需改进。因此本文简要提出了改进建议。另外，研究还发现通过聚类分析并没有形成特别明显的分类，同一个地区的小贷公司也并没有全部聚成一类。由此说明，各地区小额贷款公司之间存在较大的个体差异，并不具有地域性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, our government pay more attention to the problem of financing of small and medium-sized enterprises and rural development, the root causes of these problems is Chinese financial development is not balanced. In particular, the lack of rural finance in remote areas and poor people have no access to financial services. In addition to the profit of commercial banks, small and medium-sized enterprises is not popular, no corresponding financial support leading to funding strand breaks, is not conducive to the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. Therefore, in order to make the poor people out of poverty, the healthy development of small and medium enterprises, we must develop the rural finance, to provide financial support and financial services for the.2008 in May 4th, the people's Bank of China China, the CBRC issued "on the small loan company pilot guidance", formally approved the establishment of small loan companies, allowing private capital to engage in credit business. The small loan company pilot since 2008 in China, for many Provide micro credit and other financial services of traditional commercial banks to benefit low-income groups and small micro enterprises, to fill the gap and ease the bottleneck of rural credit financing Small and micro businesses. Small loan companies bearing the social responsibility has become a hot social concern. On the other hand, in order to promote microfinance companies to actively fulfill their social responsibilities, we must assess their social performance, understand its to undertake their social responsibility. Therefore, this paper will study the problem of social performance evaluation of small loan companies.
This paper first introduces the concept of microcredit and microfinance companies, at home and abroad as well as the development of microfinance institutions and other types of content, especially in Zhejiang Province as an example, through the small loan companies in the province, summarizes the operation mode of small loan companies, including the source of funds is small loan the "credit only" characteristics, namely "small capital operation, decentralized principle. Then this article focuses on the social performance of the small loan company is discussed. Firstly, defines the concept of social performance, this paper believes that the microfinance institutions, social performance refers to the realization of the goal of poverty alleviation, set the corresponding index, carry out management finally, process of social performance. Through the comparison of welfare microfinance institutions and institutional two models, pointed out that the microfinance company social performance evaluation important . then analyzes the factors affecting the social performance of small loan companies and several dimensions of evaluation system for small loan companies. This kind of micro financial institutions, including the social performance dimensions: service coverage, service adaptability, customer profitability, the four aspects of social responsibility. Based on this, this paper constructs a microfinance company society the performance of a multi-level index system, mainly including goal orientation, internal governance structure and employee behavior, products and services, customer satisfaction, social status and the realization of the goal of financial sustainable development indicators in five areas.
This paper uses factor analysis method and cluster analysis method to empirical analysis. In the empirical process, first, using factor analysis, 18 primitive indexes with few common factors to reflect, so as to achieve the purpose of dimension reduction. Based on this, this paper successfully extracted five common factors, and were named the five factors for the customer satisfaction factor, sustainable development factor, social factor, risk factor and control factor of products and services. The main factor reflects most of the original variables, can the social performance of small loan companies do evaluation. Then, through the factor analysis of five main factors are used as variables into cluster analysis. The clustering results of 30 small loan companies are divided into four categories.
Based on the above empirical results, this paper analyzes the similarities and differences between the various regions of Zhejiang province microfinance companies in operation and performance, summarizes their characteristics. The study found that the social performance is higher than the average level of performance of small loan companies, mostly located in the high level of regional economic development, but the high level of company performance also exist deficiencies, it still needs to be improved. So this paper puts forward some suggestions for improvement. In addition, the study also found that through cluster analysis did not form a significant category, in the same area of small loan companies are not all clustered into one group. This shows that there are large individual differences between the various regions of the petty loan company, does not have regional.

【学位授予单位】：浙江财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F832.4

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