我国小额贷款公司风险控制的法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-01-28 05:46

本文关键词： 小额信贷小额贷款公司风险研究法律规制　出处：《大连海事大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国小额贷款公司诞生于民间借贷活跃、地下钱庄盛行、中小企业融资难和金融管制严格的金融环境下,作为金融服务的一种创新,小额贷款公司在几年时间内迅速发展壮大,对支持”三农”、中小企业、个体工商户的资金需求起到了积极的作用,并得到了充分的认可。同时小额贷款公司积极正确引导规范民间融资,完善地方金融服务,推动地方经济发展,弥补金融市场不足,成为解决贷款难的必由途径,为丰富金融服务体系承担着重要职责。小额贷款公司在急速发展的过程中,所遇到的风险远远大于一般的金融机构,并且已经给公司的正常运行和可持续性经营带来了极大的困难,其风险防范法律机制亟需完善。本文主要分为四个部分。第一部分主要是小额信贷理论的概述,由于国内对于小额信贷研究的理论比较成熟,在先介绍小额信贷理论的基础上,可以对小额贷款公司的研究提供了研究方向的指引和借鉴之处。第二部分主要是对小额贷款公司的理论分析,包括小额贷款公司的性质分析、特征分析,及其存设的社会价值分析。通过小额贷款公司起到的社会作用和提供的金融服务,更好的把握小额贷款公司金融机构的实质；通过对小贷公司特征的分析以凸显小贷公司解决民间融资难题帮助微型企业发展、引导民间资本正规化转移并完善金融体系、促进金融市场竞争完善金融服务的社会价值。第三部分分析了小额贷款公司面临的具体风险成因及表现形式：市场风险的缘由主要包括小额贷款公司的利率形成机制不合理带来的利率风险,和不完善的农产品价格风险规避机制带来的农产品价格风险；信用风险的缘由是小贷公司面临的农村市场生产力水平低下,缺乏信用制度的建设；流动性风险的缘由在于其“只贷不存”的有限融资渠道；操作性风险的缘由则是因为小贷公司缺乏相应的内部管理与控制制度,以及相应的人力资本。第四部分针对小额贷款公司的具体风险,提出了相应的风险控制法律规制建议,尝试性构建我国小额贷款公司风险控制法律规制的有机法律体系,进而保障小额贷款公司的健康稳定发展。
[Abstract]:China's microfinance companies were born in private lending, underground money banks prevail, small and medium-sized enterprises are difficult to finance and financial control under the financial environment, as an innovation of financial services. Microfinance companies in a few years of rapid development and growth, to support the "three rural", small and medium-sized enterprises, individual industrial and commercial households of the capital demand has played a positive role. At the same time, microfinance companies actively and correctly guide the regulation of private financing, improve local financial services, promote local economic development, and make up for the lack of financial markets. In order to enrich the financial service system, microfinance companies are facing more risks than ordinary financial institutions in the process of rapid development. And it has brought great difficulties to the normal operation and sustainable management of the company, and its legal mechanism of risk prevention needs to be improved. This paper is mainly divided into four parts. The first part is the overview of microfinance theory, because the domestic theory of microfinance research is relatively mature, on the basis of introducing microfinance theory. It can provide guidance and reference for the research of microfinance companies. The second part is mainly about the theoretical analysis of micro-loan companies, including the nature of micro-credit companies, the characteristics of analysis. Through the social role and financial services provided by microfinance companies, we can better grasp the essence of microfinance companies' financial institutions; Through the analysis of the characteristics of small loan companies to highlight the small loan companies to solve the problem of private financing to help micro-enterprises to develop guide the regularization of private capital transfer and improve the financial system. Promote competition in financial markets and improve the social value of financial services. The third part analyzes the causes and manifestations of the specific risks faced by microfinance companies: market risks mainly include the interest rate risk caused by unreasonable interest rate formation mechanism of microfinance companies. And imperfect agricultural product price risk avoidance mechanism brought about by agricultural product price risk; The reason of credit risk is the low productivity level of rural market and the lack of credit system construction. The reason of liquidity risk lies in its limited financing channel of "only lending and not saving"; The operational risk is caused by the lack of corresponding internal management and control system and human capital. According to the specific risks of microfinance companies, the 4th part puts forward the corresponding risk control legal regulation suggestions, and tries to build an organic legal system of risk control legal regulation for microfinance companies in China. And then ensure the healthy and stable development of small loan companies.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D922.28;F832.4

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