银行信贷决策与企业盈余管理相关性研究

发布时间：2018-03-20 03:18

本文选题：银行贷款决策　切入点：真实盈余管理　出处：《华东理工大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：银行金融机构作为现代金融业的主体,在我国经济运行中发挥着枢纽作用。由于我国金融市场尚不发达,向银行贷款成为目前公司负债融资的主要方式。随着经济全球化的加速,银行业所面临的信用风险挑战越来越大。因此,作为债权人的商业银行有效监控公司的财务风险并据此调整其信贷政策就显得非常重要。银行要监控企业财务风险就必须充分了解其会计信息,通过企业会计信息分析其各方面能力,据以进行贷款决策。由于信息不对称的影响,银行难以全面、真实地获得企业的会计信息,财务报表往往经过了管理者的粉饰。而企业的会计盈余信息就是管理者粉饰的最主要部分。两家行业相同、规模类似、资产结构类似、盈余水平相同的企业,带给银行的贷款风险可能差别很大,这很可能就是盈余管理带来的差别。如果银行能够识别出不同贷款企业会计盈余管理的差别,就能在一定程度上降低或规避风险,并做出相应的正确决策。操纵盈余的手段大致可以分为：会计造假、应计项目盈余管理、真实盈余管理三类。管理者一般通过会计政策和会计估计、构建真实经济交易项、改变生产经营活动来实现盈余管理。传统的盈余管理主要指应计项目盈余管理,即公司经理人利用会计政策和会计估计的选择来操纵应计利润,这一类盈余管理的手段未对上市公司的真实现金流产生影响,其本质上并未改变上市公司的经营策略。而真实盈余管理则是通过操纵公司的真实经营活动,影响真实现金流来实现盈余管理的目标,切实影响了公司的经营行为且可选择的手段更多、更为隐蔽,所以也越来越受到学术界的重视。在盈余管理程度方面的主要结论包括：应计盈余管理和真实盈余管理的高低并不影响其与长短期贷款决策的相关性,故银行不能够识别企业的盈余管理程度的差别；贷款期限方面,贷款期限无论长短,银行决策者对应计盈余管理和真实盈余管理的水平的区分也不明显。本文选取2001年至2012年为研究期问,筛选了1618家A股上市公司这十二年的相关数据作为研究样本,利用修正的琼斯模型和真实盈余管理模型,对银行贷款决策中银行是否能够识别企业应计项目盈余管理和真实盈余管理行为对报表盈余的影响进行了研究。
[Abstract]:As the main body of modern financial industry, bank financial institutions play a pivotal role in the economic operation of our country. Lending to banks has become the main way to finance corporate debt. With the acceleration of economic globalization, the banking industry is facing more and more challenges of credit risk. It is very important for commercial banks, as creditors, to effectively monitor the financial risks of companies and adjust their credit policies accordingly. In order to monitor the financial risks of enterprises, banks must fully understand their accounting information. Based on the analysis of various aspects of enterprise accounting information, the bank can not obtain the accounting information of the enterprise comprehensively and truthfully because of the influence of asymmetric information. Financial statements are often whitewashed by managers. The accounting earnings information of an enterprise is the most important part of a manager's whitewash. The two industries are the same in size, similar in size, similar in structure of assets, and in the same level of earnings. The loan risk to the bank may be very different, which may be the difference brought about by earnings management. If the bank can identify the difference in accounting earnings management of different loan enterprises, it can reduce or avoid the risk to a certain extent. And make the corresponding correct decision. The means to manipulate earnings can be roughly divided into three categories: accounting fraud, accrual earnings management and real earnings management. Managers generally construct real economic transactions through accounting policies and accounting estimates. Traditional earnings management mainly refers to accrual earnings management, which means that company managers manipulate accrual profits by using accounting policies and accounting estimation options. This kind of means of earnings management has no influence on the real cash flow of listed companies, and it does not change the management strategy of listed companies in essence, while real earnings management is by manipulating the real business activities of the companies. It affects the real cash flow to achieve the goal of earnings management, and has a real impact on the business behavior of the company, and has more and more alternative means, more and more hidden, so it has been paid more and more attention to by the academic circles. The main conclusions on the degree of earnings management include: the level of accrual earnings management and real earnings management does not affect the correlation between accrual earnings management and short-term and long-term loan decisions, so banks cannot identify the differences in earnings management degree of enterprises; In terms of loan term, no matter how long the loan period is, the difference between the corresponding earnings management and the real earnings management level of bank decision-makers is not obvious. This paper selects 2001 to 2012 as the research period, selects 1618 A-share listed companies as the relevant data for 12 years as the research sample, using the modified Jones model and the real earnings management model. This paper studies whether banks can identify the effects of accrual item earnings management and real earnings management behavior on earnings in bank loan decisions.
【学位授予单位】：华东理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F832.4;F275

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