沪市上市公司非经常性损益盈余管理研究

发布时间：2018-05-08 20:27

本文选题：非经常性损益 + 盈余管理　；参考：《首都经济贸易大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：非经常性损益是证券市场重要的财报披露指标，其一次性及偶发性的特点使得利益相关者不能通过利用非经常性损益项目来预测公司将来的发展前景。当然，净利润也是企业用来评价盈利水平及经营能力的重要指标，同时也是债权人、众多投资者以及企业管理层最为关心的一个项目。但是，要真正评估公司价值还必须要剔除非经常性损益项目对净利润的影响。如果上市企业运用非经常性损益项目进行利润调节，会增加投资者理解财报进而做出合理决策的难度。从1999年至今，虽然财政部以及证监会颁发了一系列有关非经常性损益项目的规则，但上市公司中仍然存在利用非经常性损益项目扭亏为盈以及ST类公司通过非经常性损益实现摘星的现象。因此，准确理解与把握非经常性损益对于投资者正确评估上市企业持续盈利能力进而做出合理决策有重要意义。本文首先参考了国内外与非经常性损益和盈余管理相关的文献，然后确定了非经常性损益与盈余管理概念，，指出上市企业利用非经常性损益进行利润操纵的经济学原理，即舞弊三角形理论，并且理清了上市公司进行盈余操纵的动机。在上述理论基础之上，本文通过使用案例分析方法详细说明了非经常性损益各个具体项目内容及上市公司主要盈余操纵手法，继而对2008年至2012年中国沪市上市企业会计数据进行统计分析，得出非经常性损益项目整体的披露情形，同时也对沪市上市企业非经常性损益项目对会计盈余的影响实施了更加详细的研究。接下来本文统计了非经常性损益项目的各个具体构成金额并进行排序，从而得出上市企业操纵会计盈余时经常利用的非经常性损益具体项目，提醒利益相关者多加注意。最后，本文给出了研究的结论、不足及相关建议。纵观全文，本文旨在发现当前我国上市企业披露非经常性损益项目时存在的问题，比如，从非经常性损益各个具体项目来看，本文发现政府补助、因非流动资产处置产生的损益、处置长期股权投资收益、除上述之外的其他营业外收入与支出、因企业合并出现的子公司自期初到合并日之间的净损益等是上市公司非经常性损益的最重要来源。借此希望提醒投资者及其他利益相关者更加清晰的分析上市企业相关财务业绩，同时也给证券市场监管者以及相关政策制定者提供有关进一步规范非经常性损益项目披露的参考意见。
[Abstract]:Non-recurrent profit and loss is an important financial disclosure index in the securities market. Its one-time and accidental characteristics make it impossible for stakeholders to predict the future development prospects of the company by using non-recurrent profit and loss items. Of course, net profit is also an important index to evaluate the profit level and management ability, and it is also a project most concerned by creditors, many investors and management. However, to truly evaluate the company's value, it is also necessary to exclude the impact of non-recurring gains and losses on net profits. If listed enterprises use non-recurring profit and loss items to adjust their profits, it will increase the difficulty for investors to understand financial reports and make reasonable decisions. Since 1999, although the Ministry of Finance and the Securities Regulatory Commission have issued a series of rules on non-recurring profit and loss items, However, there is still the phenomenon that the non-recurrent profit and loss items turn to profit in listed companies and St companies realize star-picking through non-recurrent profit and loss. Therefore, it is important for investors to accurately understand and grasp the non-recurrent profit and loss for evaluating the sustainable profitability of listed enterprises and making reasonable decisions. This paper first refers to domestic and foreign literatures related to non-recurrent profit and loss and earnings management, then defines the concepts of non-recurrent profit and earnings management, and points out the economic principle of using non-recurrent profit and loss to manipulate profits of listed enterprises. Namely fraud triangle theory, and clarify the listed company earnings manipulation motivation. On the basis of the above theory, this paper explains in detail the specific items of non-recurrent profit and loss and the main earnings manipulation techniques of listed companies by using the case analysis method. From 2008 to 2012, the accounting data of listed enterprises in Shanghai Stock Exchange of China were statistically analyzed, and the disclosure of non-recurrent profit and loss items as a whole was obtained. At the same time, it also carries out a more detailed study on the impact of non-recurrent profit and loss items on accounting earnings of listed enterprises in Shanghai Stock Exchange. Then this paper counts the specific amounts of non-recurring profit and loss items and sorts them, so as to get the specific non-recurring profit and loss items that are often used by listed enterprises when manipulating accounting earnings, and remind stakeholders to pay more attention. Finally, this paper gives the conclusion of the study, shortcomings and related suggestions. Throughout the full text, this paper aims to find out the problems existing in the disclosure of non-recurrent profit and loss items by listed enterprises in China. For example, from the specific items of non-recurrent profits and losses, this paper finds that government subsidies, Profits and losses arising from the disposal of illiquid assets, the disposal of long-term equity investment income, and other business income and expenses other than those mentioned above, The most important source of non-recurrent profit and loss of listed companies is the net profit and loss between the beginning of the period and the day of merger. In order to remind investors and other stakeholders to analyze the financial performance of listed companies more clearly, It also provides securities market regulators and relevant policy makers with advice on further regulating the disclosure of non-recurring profit and loss items.
【学位授予单位】：首都经济贸易大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F276.6;F832.51;F275

【引证文献】