小微信贷的银行模式与阿里模式比较研究

发布时间：2018-05-14 09:07

本文选题：银行 + 小微信贷　；参考：《对外经济贸易大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：小微企业是中国经济、社会发展的重要基础，在完善中国产业结构、解决人员就业、推进城镇化建设等方面发挥着重要的作用。但是由于小微企业自身缺陷及宏观政策的影响，小微企业的发展面临着诸多问题，其中融资难是最重要的一方面。本文就小微信贷银行的传统信贷模式与阿里小贷的电子商务模式存的差异绩效对比分析，破解银行传统小微信贷模式的不足与局限性，借鉴阿里小贷模式的创新点构建一种新型的银行小微信贷模式。论文首先阐明研究的背景及意义，对相关文献进行综述，总结国内外的研究现状。紧接着，介绍我国小微企业信贷业务发展状况。在对小微企业进行界定的基础上，阐明小微企业经营规模小、抵御风险能力差、信息透明度低、缺乏有效担保和抵押以及机构不完善的特点，紧接着，对小微企业信贷进行界定和分析，，小微信贷具有“短”、“小”、“频”、“急”的特点。在此基础上，探讨了制约小微信贷业务发展的四项主要原因：信息不对称、小微企业经营管理能力有限、财务制度不健全、信用意识淡薄。然后，对银行小微模式进行概述，建设银行和中国银行的“信贷工厂”模式、民生银行的商贷通“产品推动”模式、招商银行的“零售化”模式、浙江泰隆银行的“地缘信贷”模式进行分析，指出银行小微信贷模式主要存在的问题：贷款定价管理机制不完善、风险预警和信息反馈机制不够完善、小微金融产品与服务创新不足、风险管理措施缺乏有效识别手段。通过研究阿里小贷的发展现状，得出阿里小贷模式的具有客户资源有持续性、掌握客户信用状况、批量贷款降低成本等创新点与优势，并指出阿里小贷模式存在市场定位不具有普遍性、资金规模有限等方面的问题。银行小微信贷模式与阿里小贷信贷模式的对比分析。从业务操作模式方面、信贷风险控制方面对两种信贷模式进行分析对比，在业务操作方面商业银行的小微信贷以成立中小微企业部为主，而阿里小贷是通过两家小额贷款公司进行；在信贷分析控制方面，对比分析了二者在贷前、贷中、贷后的控制模式和风险管理方法。对商业银行小微信贷风险进行分析，分析小微信贷业务的风险成因，在此基础上对商业银行小微信贷业务的风险控制提出贷前、贷中、贷后控制的具体方案；再对商业银行小微企业信贷专业队伍的建设进行分析，从人员选拔方式、培训方式、良好的激励与约束机制等几个方面对商业银行小微信贷业务专业队伍建设提出相应的建议。文章在阐述商业银行小微信贷发展模式及对比分析小微信贷的银行模式和阿里模式、构建新型银行小微信贷业务发展模式等方面具有一定的创新。
[Abstract]:Small and micro enterprises are the important foundation of China's economic and social development. They play an important role in perfecting China's industrial structure, solving the employment of personnel, and promoting the construction of urbanization. However, the development of small and micro enterprises is faced with many problems due to their own defects and the influence of macro policies, among which the difficulty of financing is the most important one. This paper compares and analyzes the difference between the traditional credit model of small and micro credit bank and the electronic commerce mode of Ali small credit bank, and analyzes the shortcomings and limitations of the traditional small and micro credit model of bank. Using the innovation point of Ali's small loan model to construct a new kind of small and micro credit model of bank. Firstly, the background and significance of the research are expounded, and the related literature is summarized. The current research situation at home and abroad is summarized. Then, introduce the development of credit business of small and micro enterprises in our country. On the basis of defining small and micro enterprises, this paper expounds the characteristics of small and micro enterprises, such as small scale, poor ability to resist risks, low transparency of information, lack of effective guarantee and mortgage, and imperfect institutions. This paper defines and analyzes the credit of small and micro enterprises, which has the characteristics of "short", "small", "frequent" and "urgent". On this basis, four main reasons restricting the development of micro-credit business are discussed: asymmetric information, limited management ability, imperfect financial system and weak credit consciousness. Then, it outlines the small and micro model of banks, the "credit factory" model of China Construction Bank and Bank of China, the "product promotion" model of Minsheng Bank, and the "retail" model of China Merchants Bank. Based on the analysis of the "geo-credit" model of Zhejiang Tailong Bank, this paper points out the main problems in the small-and-micro credit model of the bank: the imperfection of the loan pricing management mechanism, the imperfect mechanism of risk warning and information feedback. Small and micro financial products and services innovation, risk management measures lack of effective means of identification. By studying the current situation of the development of the small loan in Ali, it is concluded that the small loan mode of Ali has the innovation points and advantages, such as the continuity of customer resources, the understanding of the credit status of customers, the reduction of cost in bulk loans, and so on. It also points out that the market orientation is not universal and the capital scale is limited. The comparative analysis of the bank small and micro credit model and Ali small loan credit model. From the business operation mode, the credit risk control aspect carries on the analysis and contrast to the two kinds of credit models, in the business operation aspect, the commercial bank small and micro credit mainly establishes the small and medium-sized microenterprise department. In the aspect of credit analysis and control, the control mode and risk management methods before, during and after loan are compared and analyzed. On the basis of analyzing the risk causes of the small and micro credit business of commercial banks, the paper puts forward the specific scheme of the control before, during and after the loan of the small and micro credit business of the commercial bank, on the basis of which the risk control of the small and micro credit business of the commercial bank is put forward. Then it analyzes the construction of the professional team of small and micro enterprises in commercial banks, and puts forward some suggestions on the construction of the professional team of small and micro credit of commercial banks from the aspects of personnel selection, training, good incentive and restraint mechanism, and so on. This paper introduces the development mode of small and micro credit in commercial banks, compares and analyzes the bank model and Ali model of small and micro credit, and constructs a new development model of small and micro credit business of banks.
【学位授予单位】：对外经济贸易大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F832.4;F724.6

【参考文献】