内外资企业技术差距对FDI溢出效应的门槛效应分析

发布时间：2018-10-15 15:39

【摘要】：从1992年提出“以市场换技术”就是希望利用FDI产生的技术溢出效应改善中国经济增长的质量,而理论界对技术外溢是否产生却没有定论。随着FDI跨国对象从发达国家转向发展中国家,学者的研究中技术溢出的正向影响逐渐减弱,在对发展中国家的研究中越来越多考虑了东道国的吸收能力的技术溢出效果的影响。而从理论上外商直接投资(FDI)对东道国的技术溢出效应已经达成了普遍共识,但对FDI技术外溢的实证研究却存在很多分歧。当然从研究技术方法层面讲：数据的处理、归回模型以及计量指标的选择必然会造成估计结果的不同,但更深层次的原因是前人的研究往往着重于对FDI对东道国国内技术进步的作用,未从东道国角度对溢出效应进行分析。从FDI的角度主要局限于对外资企业的区位选择,及外资企业进入国内市场所带来的先进技术的传播方式等。忽视了,除了外资企业的扩散对内资企业有很大影响,内资企业自身对外溢出的先进技术的学习模仿能力也会对FDI的技术外溢产生巨大影响。而东道国企业与外资企业的技术差距就是其内资企业吸收能力的一个重要衡量部分。所以,经过更多的研究开始着重于内外资企业的技术差距对影响技术外溢效的影响。基于此,本文通过对新增长理论的知识溢出模型进行分析,选取内外资技术差距为视角,研究术差距与FDI技术外溢的非线性关系。并运用了Hansen(1999)门槛回归模型对技术差距与FDI技术外溢的作用关系进行分析。并综合解释了在实证研究中外资是否有溢出的争论和分歧给出了合理解释。并进一步对我国的对外招商引资提出理论支撑和契合实际的建议。本文的结论是：对于技术差距来而言技术外溢的发生存在门槛效应。只有当东道国内资企业技术差距跨国门槛之后,技术效应才会发生。而此后,技术溢出效应也不是全然递增,达到一定峰值后,技术效应将减弱。
[Abstract]:From 1992, it was put forward that "market for technology" is to improve the quality of China's economic growth by using the technology spillover effect produced by FDI, but there is no conclusion that whether technology spillover occurs or not. With the transition of FDI transnational objects from developed countries to developing countries, the positive impact of technology spillovers in the research of scholars has gradually weakened. In the research of developing countries, more and more consideration has been given to the effects of technology spillover effects of host countries' absorptive capacity. In theory, the technology spillover effect of foreign direct investment (FDI) to the host country has reached a general consensus, but there are many differences on the empirical study of FDI technology spillover. Of course, from the point of view of research technology and method: data processing, regression model and the choice of measurement indicators will inevitably lead to different estimation results. However, the deeper reason is that previous studies often focus on the role of FDI in the domestic technological progress of the host country, and do not analyze the spillover effect from the point of view of the host country. From the point of view of FDI, it is mainly limited to the location choice of foreign-funded enterprises and the dissemination of advanced technology brought by foreign-funded enterprises entering the domestic market. Ignore, apart from the diffusion of foreign-funded enterprises have a great impact on domestic enterprises, the ability of learning and imitating advanced technology spillover from domestic enterprises will also have a great impact on the technology spillover of FDI. The technological gap between the host and foreign enterprises is an important measure of their absorptive capacity. Therefore, after more research, we begin to focus on the impact of technology gap on technology spillover. Based on this, this paper analyzes the knowledge spillover model of the new growth theory, selects the technology gap between domestic and foreign capital as the perspective, and studies the nonlinear relationship between the technology gap and FDI technology spillover. Hansen (1999) threshold regression model is used to analyze the relationship between technology gap and FDI technology spillover. It also gives a reasonable explanation for the controversy and disagreement in empirical research on whether there is spillover of foreign capital. Furthermore, the author puts forward theoretical support and practical suggestions for attracting foreign investment. The conclusion of this paper is that there exists threshold effect for technology spillover. Only when the host country domestic enterprise technology gap cross-border threshold, the technology effect will occur. After that, the technology spillover effect is not completely increasing, and when it reaches a certain peak, the technology effect will weaken.
【学位授予单位】：西南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F273.1;F832.6

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