社会关系网对小企业生存与发展的影响研究

发布时间：2018-03-04 22:05

本文选题：社会关系网　切入点：小企业　出处：《北京科技大学》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：20世纪90年代以来,社会关系网络理论已成为企业研究的热点领域。在中国这一“人情”社会中,社会关系网是如何影响企业绩效的?企业如何构建社会关系网并对社会关系网资源加以有效利用从而提升企业绩效?回答这些问题有助于深入了解社会关系网及其对企业绩效的影响机制。当前中小企业作为我国社会经济的重要力量,在快速发展的同时,也面临着诸多生存与成长中的问题。对于中小企业来说,建立在网络化的社会关系基础上的资源条件是企业得以生存和成长的保证。为此,论文从社会关系网络视角出发,对我国小企业的生存与发展问题进行研究。论文通过文献、访谈、问卷和案例等方法,收集研究所需数据,在此基础上,深入了解社会关系网对小企业生存与成长的影响机理,并分析不同环境条件下小企业构建社会关系网的总体特征以及不同发展阶段小企业社会关系网的演变规律。论文一方面可以从理论上丰富和完善现有的企业成长规律研究,另一方面对于了解我国小企业生存与成长过程中的社会关系网特征及其演变规律具有现实指导意义。具体来说,论文的研究成果包括：第一,构建了社会关系网对小企业生存与发展影响机理的概念模型。论文通过对社会关系网络、企业成长等相关文献的梳理和总结,并结合企业家访谈和专家学者的建议等,提炼出社会关系网对小企业生存与发展影响的概念模型。概念模型包含四个部分,即社会关系网、企业绩效、环境因素、企业发展阶段。社会关系网主要考察企业的商业联系和政治联系,企业绩效是指小企业的生存和成长两个方面,环境因素从制度环境和产业环境两个方面进行分析,企业发展阶段以企业经营年限划分。在分析社会关系网对小企业生存与发展的影响时,探究小企业外部环境条件和企业发展阶段对二者关系的调节作用。第二,提出了不同环境条件下构建小企业社会关系网的分类框架模型。实证分析结果表明,商业联系与政治联系对小企业的生存与发展均具有积极影响；商业联系与小企业生存及发展之间是一种倒U型曲线关系,政治联系与小企业生存及发展之间是一种U型曲线关系：制度环境和产业环境对社会关系网与小企业生存及发展之间的关系具有调节作用,制度环境具有反向调节作用,产业环境具有正向调节作用。小企业构建的社会关系网应该与所处的外部环境相匹配,在此基础上,提出了小企业不同环境条件下构建其社会关系网的分类框架模型。基于制度环境(完备与否)和产业环境(变化程度),小企业的经营环境可划分为四类,与此对应小企业的社会关系网类型也划分为四类,即内向型、政府型、市场型、外向型。第三,建立了小企业不同发展阶段其社会关系网演变的概念模型。基于实证分析和典型案例分析,可以发现社会关系在企业不同发展阶段表现出不同特征,商业联系的重要性指数因企业发展阶段的不同而表现出上升趋势,政治联系的重要性指数微幅下降：关系构建主体由创业者个人向企业组织转变：关系具体内容由个体人际关系向企业社会关系转变;关系基本类型由政府导向型向市场导向型转变；关系范围强度由集中密集向广泛松散转变。小企业从初创到成熟,其社会关系网演变具有一定规律性,基于此建立了小企业社会关系网演变的概念模型。这一演变过程一方面会受到不同的产业环境和制度环境的影响,另一方面不同的制度环境和产业环境也为小企业社会关系网的构建提供了必要的外在条件。论文通过研究探讨了社会关系网对小企业生存与发展的影响,并指出了外部环境和企业发展阶段对二者关系的调节作用。小企业在构建和维护其社会关系网时,必须明确其所处环境和发展阶段,既要注意社会关系网与所处环境的匹配,同时要注意社会关系网在不同发展阶段的演变特征。本研究结果对我国的企业经营尤其是小企业的经营提供了重要的启示信息,为小企业合理有效地构建和利用社会关系网资源提供了借鉴和指导。
[Abstract]:Since 1990s, the theory of social relation network has become a hot research field of enterprise. In this China a "human" society, the social network is how to influence corporate performance? Enterprise how to build the social network and the social network resources utilization from and improve enterprise performance? Can contribute to a deeper understanding of social networks and its impact on corporateperformance mechanism to answer these questions. The current small and medium-sized enterprises as an important force in China's social economy, in the rapid development, is also facing many problems in the survival and growth. For small and medium enterprises, the establishment of social relations on the basis of network resources is the enterprise can survive and grow guarantee. Therefore, this paper from the social network perspective to study the survival and development of small enterprises in China. The paper through the literature, questionnaire and interview. How to collect the required data, based on in-depth understanding of the mechanism of social networks affect the survival and growth of small businesses, and the general characteristics of the social network construction of small enterprises under different environmental conditions and different development stages of enterprise social network evolution. On the one hand can enrich and perfect the study on the growth rule of the existing enterprise theoretically, on the other hand has practical significance for the understanding of China's small enterprises survive and grow in the process of social networks and their evolution characteristics. Specifically, the research results of the thesis include: first, building a conceptual model of the impact mechanism of social networks on survival and development of small enterprises. Based on the social network, and summarizes the enterprise growth and related literature, combined with expert interview and the suggestions of experts and scholars, refining out The conceptual model of social network on survival and development of small enterprises. The influence of the conceptual model consists of four parts, namely social relation network, enterprise performance, environmental factors, enterprise development stage. The social network mainly inspects the enterprise business ties and political ties, enterprise performance refers to small business survival and growth environment two aspects. The factors are analyzed from the two aspects of the system environment and the industrial environment, enterprise development stage in the business life of division. After analyzing the impact of social networks on survival and development of small enterprises, regulation of environmental conditions and explore the small business enterprise development stage on the relationship between the two. Second classification frame model construction of small enterprises social networks put forward different environmental conditions. The empirical results show that both has a positive impact on business ties and political contacts on survival and development of small businesses; business contact Between the lines and small enterprise survival and development is a kind of inverted U curve relationship between political connections and small enterprise survival and development is a kind of U type curve: system environment and the industrial environment has a moderating effect on the relationship between social network and small business survival and development, the institutional environment has a negativemoderating effect, industry the environment has a positive regulatory role. Small enterprises to build social networks should be matched with the external environment, based on the classification framework to construct the social networks put forward different environmental conditions of small enterprises. Based on the system environment (complete or not) and environment (change), small businesses the business environment can be divided into four categories, social networks and the corresponding types of small enterprises are divided into four categories, namely the introversion, government, market, export-oriented. Third, set up the different stages of development of small enterprises The conceptual model of social network evolution. Based on the case analysis and empirical analysis, can be found in the social relationship shows different characteristics in different development stages of enterprise, the importance of commercial relationship index for enterprises in different stages of development and showed a rising trend, the importance of the political connection index fell slightly from the main business transformation: relationship building the person to the organization: the change of the relationship between the specific content of the individual interpersonal relationship to corporate social relations; change the basic types of relations from government oriented to market-oriented; change of relationship strength from intensive to wide range loose. Small business from start to mature, the social network evolution has certain regularity, the conceptual model of small enterprise social network evolution is established based on this. This evolution process will be affected by the industrial environment and institutional environment, On the other hand, the different institutional environment and industrial environment also provides necessary external conditions for the construction of small enterprise social network. It discusses the impact of social networks on the survival and development of small enterprises through research, and pointed out that the regulatory role of the external environment and the enterprise development stage of the relationship between the two small businesses in the building. And maintain the network of social relations, we must clarify its stage of development and the environment, we should pay attention to social networks, and the environment, and we should pay attention to the social network in the evolution of different stages of development. The results of this study on China's enterprises especially small business provides important enlightenment of information for small businesses to reasonably build and use social network resources to provide reference and guidance.

【学位授予单位】：北京科技大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F276.3

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