供应链环境下产品碳足迹数据获取与应用研究

发布时间：2018-03-19 02:05

本文选题：供应链　切入点：碳足迹　出处：《浙江理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着气候变暖、环境问题的日益严重,“碳足迹”已经成为世界各国关注的焦点,联合国已经把碳足迹作为产品的一个考核标准,并颁布了一系列的法律条款,进一步落实要求各国节能减排的政策。我国向来是发展以制造行业为主的工业经济,而制造业是碳排放最严重的行业,全球环境污染物的70%都来自于制造业。为面对严峻的国际形势,切实走可持续发展道路,我国有必要开展对制造业的低碳供应链的研究。在这种国际背景、自然背景的推动下,本文以HL企业为研究对象,针对国内制造业供应链展开了研究。(1)首先本文查阅了相关文献,对碳足迹与低碳供应链的国内外研究现状做了统计与分析,根据研究现状确定了本文的主要研究内容为实现供应链的低碳化管理。在供应链理论的基础上,从产品与企业两个角度详细分析了供应链中的碳源分布与识别,通过碳源的分析本文认为供应链碳足迹获取方式主要分为主动获取、被动提交、建模计算、系统提取四大类。数据获取是建立在碳足迹计算的基础之上,所以本文接着分析了碳足迹的计算方法,结合了生命周期法与投入产出法用于碳足迹计算,综合上述理论提出了仪表供应链中的企业的碳足迹获取方式。(2)然后本文创新地提出了“碳链”的概念,并详细阐述了碳链的定义与结构,并与供应链从多个角度进行了对比,得出通过建立产品的碳链来实现供应链的低碳化。以仪表的供应链为研究对象,建立了基于判别因子的碳足迹计算模型,通过判定企业活动与产品的相关性,决定是否将该活动纳入到产品的碳足迹计算中来。(3)选取了HL企业的DTZ545型三相表为例,使用已经建立的模型计算其碳足迹,通过计算与结果分析验证了方法的可行性,并使用相同方法对供应链上其他企业做了碳足迹计算。通过得到的产品碳足迹数据,建立了DTZ545型三相表的相关企业的碳链模型。接着对仪表供应链上企业进行分析,将碳链优化问题抽象成了在图中找寻最短路径的数学问题,采用优化的迪杰斯特拉算法对碳链做了优化,得到产品在供应链中碳足迹最低的生产路线,对产品的生产指导有着重要意义。(4)最后,以HL企业为核心开发了碳链管理系统,方便了供应链上各企业之间碳足迹数据的交流。系统提供了企业管理、产品管理、评价管理、系统管理四大功能模块,对每个功能模块都做了详细的描述。本文创造性地提出了碳链模型,并建立碳足迹数据计算模型为碳链提供数据支持。详细介绍了供应链环境下产品碳足迹的获取方式,以及如何应用碳足迹数据为生产提供有利指导,为供应链的低碳化提供了一种新的思路与方法。
[Abstract]:With the warming of the climate and the increasingly serious environmental problems, the "carbon footprint" has become the focus of attention in the world. The United Nations has taken the carbon footprint as an assessment standard for its products and has promulgated a series of legal provisions. To further implement policies that require countries to save energy and reduce emissions. China has always developed an industrial economy dominated by the manufacturing industry, while manufacturing is the industry with the most serious carbon emissions. 70% of the global environmental pollutants come from the manufacturing industry. In order to face the severe international situation and take the path of sustainable development, it is necessary for our country to carry out the research on the low-carbon supply chain in the manufacturing industry. In this paper, HL enterprises as the research object, the domestic manufacturing supply chain research. 1) first of all, this paper reviewed the relevant literature, carbon footprint and low carbon supply chain at home and abroad to do statistics and analysis of the status quo. Based on the theory of supply chain, the distribution and identification of carbon source in supply chain are analyzed in detail from the point of view of product and enterprise. Through the analysis of carbon sources, this paper thinks that the carbon footprint acquisition methods of supply chain are mainly divided into four categories: active acquisition, passive submission, modeling and calculation, and system extraction. Data acquisition is based on the calculation of carbon footprint. So this paper then analyzes the calculation method of carbon footprint, combining the life cycle method and the input-output method to calculate the carbon footprint. Based on the above theory, the paper puts forward the carbon footprint acquisition method of the enterprises in the instrument supply chain. Then, this paper puts forward the concept of "carbon chain" innovatively, and expounds the definition and structure of the carbon chain in detail, and compares it with the supply chain from many angles. It is concluded that the low carbonization of the supply chain can be realized by establishing the carbon chain of the product. Taking the supply chain of the instrument as the research object, the carbon footprint calculation model based on the discriminant factor is established, and the correlation between the enterprise activity and the product is determined. Deciding whether or not to include this activity in the calculation of product carbon footprint.) taking the DTZ545 three-phase table of HL enterprise as an example, using the established model to calculate its carbon footprint, the feasibility of the method is verified by calculation and result analysis. The carbon footprint of other enterprises in the supply chain is calculated by using the same method. Based on the carbon footprint data of the products, the carbon chain model of the related enterprises with DTZ545 three-phase table is established, and then the enterprises in the instrument supply chain are analyzed. The carbon chain optimization problem is abstracted as a mathematical problem of finding the shortest path in the graph. The optimized Dijstra algorithm is used to optimize the carbon chain, and the production route with the lowest carbon footprint in the supply chain is obtained. Finally, taking HL enterprise as the core, a carbon chain management system is developed to facilitate the exchange of carbon footprint data among enterprises in the supply chain. The system provides enterprise management, product management and evaluation management. Four functional modules of system management are described in detail. This paper creatively proposes a carbon chain model. The carbon footprint data calculation model is established to provide data support for the carbon chain. The way to obtain the carbon footprint of the products under the supply chain environment is introduced in detail, and how to use the carbon footprint data to provide beneficial guidance for the production is introduced in detail. It provides a new idea and method for low carbonization of supply chain.
【学位授予单位】：浙江理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F274;TP311.52

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