企业员工工会公平感对工会公民行为影响的实证研究

发布时间：2018-03-24 04:40

  本文选题：工会公平感　切入点：工会工具性信念　出处：《南京航空航天大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：国外学术界对工会的研究已有丰富的成果,而国内相关研究起步较晚。因中国工会“一元化”体制和劳权等问题,使得中国工会在实践方面与国外工会存在明显差异。所以,国外学术成果在中国的借鉴性较弱,许多工会相关问题都值得在中国情景下进行验证与研究。工会公民行为对工会的发展有积极的意义,当工会在提升职场公平感方面发挥作用时,就会引发工会公民行为。以往的研究通过经济性和情感性作用机制解释了这个过程,但鲜少关注两种机制在现实中发挥作用的强度差异。论文首先在中国情景下验证了工会公平感影响工会公民行为的过程,以及该过程中工会工具性信念和工会支持感两个变量的中介作用,在此基础上引入公平敏感性作为调节变量,并以307名非公有制企业的工会成员为样本,通过层次回归模型深入分析对公平偏好不同的员工受到经济性和情感性作用机制不同程度影响的变化规律。研究发现:(1)工会公平感与工会公民行为的正相关关系得到验证,这一结果与国外研究是一致的;(2)在工会公平感影响工会公民行为过程中,工会工具性信念和工会支持感的部分中介作用得到验证,但与国外研究结论验证的完全中介作用存在差异,说明在此过程中还存在其他可能的影响因素发挥作用;(3)公平敏感性在工会公平感与工会工具性信念的关系中发挥了正向调节作用,在工会公平感与工会支持感的关系中发挥了负向调节作用,具体表现为高公平敏感性员工易产生更强的工会工具性信念,低公平敏感性员工则易产生更强的工会支持感;(4)在公平敏感性由高到低变化的过程中,工会支持感的增强程度大于工会工具性信念的减弱程度,说明在整个过程中,情感性因素的影响大于经济性因素,这与当前中国工会维稳职能强于维权职能的现状是相符合的。研究结论说明中国工会的双重职能都在发挥作用,而工会的发展与完善需要将维权和维稳有效结合起来,更好地满足职工的不同需求。从理论角度来看,研究通过情境化方法加入公平敏感性这一调节变量,讨论对公平偏好不同的员工,在工会公平感影响工会公民行为的过程中,受到经济性与情感性机制影响的强度差异,从人性假设的思路改进了国外现有的模型。从实践角度来看,论文基于研究结论,就工会发展问题分别为工会、企业和政府三方提出了对策建议:(1)工会需要加强维权职能建设,主动增强同企业的合作,切实关注员工不同需求,按需提供帮助;(2)企业要正视工会的作用,为工会提供合作机会;(3)政府应当加强和国际劳工组织的交流与合作,借鉴先进经验,进一步完善劳权法律体系,推动工会的主体独立。
[Abstract]:There have been rich achievements in the research of trade unions in foreign academic circles, but the related research in China has started relatively late. Because of the problems of "unifying" system and labor right of trade unions in China, there are obvious differences between China's trade unions and foreign trade unions in practice. Therefore, there are obvious differences between China's trade unions and foreign trade unions in practice. Foreign academic achievements are weak in China, many trade union related problems are worth to be verified and studied in China. Trade union citizenship behavior has positive significance to the development of trade union. When trade unions play a role in promoting a sense of fairness in the workplace, they trigger union citizenship behavior. Previous studies have explained this process through economic and emotional mechanisms. However, little attention has been paid to the difference in the intensity of the two mechanisms in reality. Firstly, the paper verifies the process of trade union fairness affecting trade union citizenship behavior in Chinese context. And the mediating role of trade union instrumental belief and trade union support in the process. On this basis, the fair sensitivity is introduced as the regulating variable, and 307 trade union members in non-public enterprises are taken as samples. Based on the hierarchical regression model, this paper makes a deep analysis of the changes of employees with different fairness preferences affected by different economic and affective mechanisms, and finds that the positive correlation between trade union fairness and trade union citizenship behavior is verified. This result is consistent with foreign studies. (2) in the process of trade union fairness affecting trade union citizenship, the instrumental beliefs of trade unions and the intermediary role of trade union support are verified. However, there is a difference between the complete mediating effect and the conclusion of foreign research. It shows that there are other possible factors that play an important role in the process. (3) Fairness sensitivity plays a positive role in the relationship between trade union fairness and trade union instrumental beliefs. It plays a negative role in the relationship between the sense of trade union fairness and the sense of trade union support, which is manifested by the fact that employees with high fairness and sensitivity tend to produce stronger trade union instrumental beliefs. In the process of changing the fairness sensitivity from high to low, the degree of trade union support increased more than the weakening of trade union instrumental belief, which indicated that in the whole process, The influence of affective factors is greater than that of economic factors, which is in line with the current situation that the Chinese trade union's function of maintaining stability is stronger than the function of safeguarding rights. The conclusion of the study shows that the dual functions of China's trade unions are all playing a role. The development and perfection of trade unions need to combine rights protection and maintenance effectively to better meet the different needs of workers. From a theoretical point of view, research through situational approach to the inclusion of fair sensitivity as a regulating variable. This paper discusses the differences in the intensity of the influence of economic and emotional mechanism on the employees with different fairness preferences in the process of trade union fairness affecting the trade union citizenship behavior. From the perspective of practice, based on the conclusion of the research, the paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions for the trade union, enterprise and government respectively. (1) the trade union needs to strengthen the construction of the function of safeguarding rights. Take the initiative to strengthen cooperation with enterprises, pay close attention to the different needs of employees, provide assistance as needed) Enterprises should face up to the role of trade unions and provide trade unions with opportunities for cooperation. The government should strengthen exchanges and cooperation with the International Labour Organization and learn from advanced experience. Further improve the legal system of labor rights, promote the independence of the main body of trade unions.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F272.92
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本文编号：1656785