中国文化背景下谦逊型领导的结构和测量

发布时间：2018-03-29 07:11

本文选题：谦逊型领导　切入点：谦逊　出处：《管理科学》2017年03期

【摘要】：随着经济的全球化和竞争环境的日益复杂化,谦逊对于领导者的重要作用引起了组织研究者们的关注。中国自古强调谦逊,谦逊对于领导者的重要性在中国古代典籍和领导者身上都有所体现。然而,已有的谦逊型领导理论和测量是在西方文化和价值观下发展起来的。领导的概念和结构嵌入在文化之中,会随着文化的不同而有所差异。因此,中国的谦逊型领导研究不能照搬西方的理论和方法。鉴于此,编制中国文化背景下的谦逊型领导测量量表。在已有理论和实证研究的基础上,阐述谦逊型领导理论的发展过程,对谦逊型领导的测量量表进行对比分析,开发中国文化背景下的谦逊型领导测量量表。量表开发严格遵循科学程序,这一过程包括3个阶段。第一阶段,通过半结构访谈,以286名员工和管理者的开放式问卷调查生成题项;第二阶段,精简量表,通过探索性因子分析和验证性因子分析评估量表的心理测量特性;第三阶段,评估量表的聚合效度和区分效度。研究结果表明,中国文化背景下的谦逊型领导量表具有良好的信度和效度,量表包括14个题项以及平易近人、欣赏他人、正确自我认知和开门纳谏4个维度,平易近人维度体现了中国集体主义文化的特点。开发的量表展现了中国文化背景下谦逊型领导的独特性,更好地满足管理研究回归管理实践的需求。此量表为未来谦逊型领导的实证研究做了工具上的铺垫,也为中国的谦逊型领导研究带来启示,促进其进一步的研究和发展。在管理实践中,领导者应摒弃英雄神话和"伟人"的形象,更多地关注员工在领导过程中的影响,通过对员工的友善和尊重来展现其人性的一面。中国的谦逊型领导深受中国传统文化的影响,与西方的谦逊型领导在结构上有着本质的区别,这一点值得研究者和管理者高度重视。
[Abstract]:With the globalization of the economy and the increasing complexity of the competitive environment, the important role of humility in leaders has attracted the attention of organizational researchers. China has emphasized humility since ancient times. The importance of humility to leaders is reflected in ancient Chinese classics and leaders. However, The existing theories and measurements of humble leadership are developed under Western culture and values. The concept and structure of leadership are embedded in culture and will vary from culture to culture. The study of humble leadership in China cannot copy the western theories and methods. In view of this, a measurement scale of humble leadership in the context of Chinese culture is developed. On the basis of existing theoretical and empirical studies, the development process of the theory of humble leadership is expounded. This paper makes a comparative analysis of the measurement scale of humble leadership, and develops the humble leadership measurement scale under the Chinese cultural background. The development of the scale strictly follows the scientific procedure. This process includes three stages: the first stage, through semi-structured interviews, In the second stage, the questionnaire was simplified, and the psychological characteristics of the questionnaire were evaluated by exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. The results show that the humble leadership scale in Chinese cultural background has good reliability and validity. The scale includes 14 items and is approachable. The four dimensions of correct self-cognition and open-door remonstrance reflect the characteristics of Chinese collectivism culture. The developed scale shows the uniqueness of humble leadership in the context of Chinese culture. The scale not only paves the way for the empirical research of humble leadership in the future, but also brings enlightenment to the research of humble leadership in China. To promote its further research and development. In management practice, leaders should abandon the hero myth and "great man" image, pay more attention to the influence of employees in the leadership process, The humble leadership in China is deeply influenced by the traditional Chinese culture and is structurally different from the humble leadership in the West. This is worthy of the attention of researchers and managers.
【作者单位】：哈尔滨工业大学管理学院;牡丹江师范学院应用英语学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(71472054)~~
【分类号】：C933;F272.92

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