城市的企业家精神:城市规模影响创业的经验研究

发布时间：2018-04-04 14:28

本文选题：城市规模　切入点：集聚经济　出处：《社会科学辑刊》2017年04期

【摘要】：城市规模扩大的集聚经济效应降低了潜在企业家的创业成本,因此,城市规模的扩大可能促进了企业家精神的繁荣,进而有益于中国经济的转型升级。使用CGSS调查及与之匹配的地级市数据,工具变量估计显示,城市规模扩大显著提高了个人的创业概率,平均而言,城市的人口规模每增长1%,个人的创业概率将会提高0.027—0.04个百分点;就业规模每增长1%,个人的创业概率将会提高0.036—0.06个百分点。同时,城市规模扩大主要提高了个人从事"自我雇佣"型创业活动的概率,但没有显著影响个人从事"寻求商业机会"型创业活动的概率。另外,城市规模扩大对个人创业概率的影响存在异质性,总体来说,受过更多教育和拥有更多社会网络的个人,从城市规模的扩大中获得了更多有助于创业的收益。这意味着,大城市的发展通过繁荣企业家精神,进而有益于经济结构的转型升级。
[Abstract]:The agglomeration economic effect of urban expansion reduces the entrepreneurial cost of potential entrepreneurs. Therefore, the expansion of urban scale may promote the prosperity of entrepreneurship, and then benefit the transformation and upgrading of Chinese economy.Using the CGSS survey and matching prefecture-level city data, tool variable estimates show that the expansion of city size has significantly increased the probability of individual entrepreneurship, on average,For every increase in the population of the city, the probability of individual entrepreneurship will increase by 0.027-0.04 percentage points, and the probability of individual entrepreneurship will increase by 0.036-0.06 percentage points for every 1 percent increase in employment.At the same time, the expansion of urban scale mainly increases the probability of individuals engaging in "self-employment" entrepreneurial activities, but does not significantly affect the probability of individuals engaging in "seeking business opportunities" type of entrepreneurial activities.In addition, there is heterogeneity in the influence of urban scale expansion on individual entrepreneurial probability. In general, individuals with more education and more social network gain more benefits from the expansion of urban scale.This means that the development of large cities through the prosperity of entrepreneurship, and thus conducive to the transformation and upgrading of the economic structure.
【作者单位】：西南政法大学经济学院;西南政法大学高等研究院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目(12CJL022) 教育部人文社会科学基金项目(12YJC790008)
【分类号】：F279.2

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