我国新能源汽车企业专利预警机制的构建研究

发布时间：2018-04-22 00:03

本文选题：新能源汽车企业 + 专利风险　；参考：《安徽工程大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在环境污染加剧和资源短缺的大环境下,减少能源消耗成为世界各国的难题,降低能耗的产品开始出现在各个领域,发展新能源汽车产业是减少石油资源消耗,确保国内能源安全的需要,也是减少环境污染,实现绿水青山的需要。依照动力来源的不同可将新能源汽车划分为三类,第一类混合动力汽车同时利用电能和内燃机驱动的的汽车,拥有两种动力来源,第二类是纯电动汽车,利用蓄电池存储的电能驱动车辆行驶,同混合动力汽车相比纯电动汽车在技术上同传统汽车的差异更大,更符合节能环保的要求,第三类是燃料电池汽车,燃料电池汽车以氢气燃烧产生的热能为动力来源,行驶过程仅产生少量的水,最为符合环境保护的要求,对技术的要求也最高。汽车产业的技术发展离不开新技术、新材料的研发,特别是对关键技术的掌握,只有掌握了关键技术新能源汽车企业才能在激烈的市场竞争中占据一席之地。虽然新能源汽车的技术还不成熟,但发达国家的汽车制造企业已经开始在全球范围内对新能源汽车进行专利布局,意图构建专利壁垒封锁我国新能源汽车技术的发展,因此,为了有效应对可能的专利风险,我国新能源汽车企业亟需在对专利风险进行系统分析的基础上构建适宜我国新能源汽车企业使用的专利预警机制。通过对风险管理理论,风险预警理论进行深入分析,在专利管理理论基础之上,将新能源汽车企业专利管理的过程划分为专利创造、专利申请、专利运用、专利保护四个阶段,对以上四个阶段的风险来源进行识别,选取适宜的指标衡量可能面临的风险大小,运用定量分析的方法确定各级指标的权重,构建了新能源汽车专利预警三级指标体系;结合风险管理的相关理论,将可能的风险划分为五个等级,并运用模糊中和评价法对我国新能源汽车企业的专利风险进行评估,构建适用于新能源汽车企业的专利风险评估体系;最后以奇瑞新能源汽车为研究对象,对其专利风险进行了评估。研究结果表明,专利创造、专利运用阶段的权重均大于0.3属于重要指标,表明这两个阶段产生的风险对企业整体的专利风险影响较大,是应当重点关注的阶段,在掌握新能源汽车发展现状的基础上分阶段对其风险来源进行识别,选取相应指标利用定量分析方法确定各指标权重,判断风险等级的过程中使用了模糊综合评价法。研究结果可以为新能源汽车企业制定专利策略提供参考,为企业未来进行战略决策提供支持。
[Abstract]:In the environment of intensified environmental pollution and shortage of resources, reducing energy consumption has become a difficult problem for all countries in the world. Products that reduce energy consumption have begun to appear in various fields. The development of new energy automobile industry is to reduce the consumption of petroleum resources. The need to ensure domestic energy security is also to reduce environmental pollution and achieve green water Qingshan needs. New energy vehicles can be divided into three categories according to their power sources. The first type of hybrid vehicles, which use both electric energy and internal combustion engines, have two sources of power, and the second type is pure electric vehicles. Compared with hybrid electric vehicles, pure electric vehicles driven by electric energy stored by batteries are more different in technology than traditional ones, and meet the requirements of energy saving and environmental protection. The third category is fuel cell vehicles. The fuel cell vehicle takes the heat energy generated by hydrogen combustion as the power source and produces only a small amount of water during the driving process, which meets the requirements of environmental protection and the highest requirement for technology. The development of automobile industry can not be separated from new technology, and the research and development of new materials, especially the mastery of key technology, must be grasped in order to occupy a place in the fierce market competition. Although the technology of new energy vehicles is not mature, the automobile manufacturing enterprises in developed countries have begun to patent the new energy vehicles in the global scope, with the intention of constructing patent barriers to block the development of new energy automobile technology in China. In order to deal with the possible patent risk effectively, it is urgent for our new energy automobile enterprises to construct a patent warning mechanism suitable for our country's new energy automobile enterprises on the basis of systematic analysis of patent risk. Based on the analysis of risk management theory and risk warning theory, the process of patent management of new energy automobile enterprises is divided into four stages: patent creation, patent application, patent application and patent protection. Identify the risk sources of the above four stages, select appropriate indicators to measure the possible risk size, use quantitative analysis method to determine the weight of the indicators at all levels, and build a three-level index system for the warning of new energy vehicle patents; Combined with the theory of risk management, the possible risk is divided into five grades, and the patent risk of Chinese new energy automobile enterprises is evaluated by fuzzy neutralization evaluation method. A patent risk assessment system suitable for new energy automobile enterprises is constructed. Finally, the patent risk of Chery new energy vehicle is evaluated. The research results show that the weight of patent creation and patent application stage are all above 0.3, which indicates that the risks generated in these two stages have a great impact on the whole patent risk of the enterprise, which should be paid more attention to. On the basis of mastering the present situation of the development of new energy vehicles, the risk sources are identified in stages, and the corresponding indexes are selected to determine the weights of each index by using quantitative analysis method, and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used in the process of judging the risk grade. The research results can provide reference for new energy automobile enterprises to formulate patent strategy and provide support for enterprises to make strategic decisions in the future.
【学位授予单位】：安徽工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F426.471;F273.1

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