家庭因素、职业决策自我效能感与职业适应的关系研究

发布时间：2018-07-24 21:40

【摘要】：近日有报告指出,2014年应届毕业生中,每五个已经有一个选择离职,他们离职的主要原因之一就是不适应或难以融入工作环境。连续几年居高不下的离职率让人不得不深思,大学毕业生的职业适应现状如何,不同个体的职业适应是否有差异以及为什么会产生这种差异。父母早期(本文指子女上大学前)养育孩子的方式会通过影响其子女的性格、自我效能等,进而影响孩子未来的职业适应水平。父母后期(本文指上大学后)对工作相关知识的传递、父母对孩子职业选择的干涉等因素也会对孩子的职业发展产生影响。本文通过《父母一般养育行为量表》、《父母职业相关行为量表》、《职业决策自我效能感量表》以及《职业适应量表》编制问卷对大学毕业生进行调查,最终得到有效的问卷207份,运用SPSS进行数据分析,得出以下结论:(1)父母早期的一般养育行为对职业适应具有显著的影响作用。(2)职业相关的父母支持行为对大学毕业生的职业适应水平具有显著的正向影响;父母干预对职业适应具有显著的负向影响;父母缺乏参与对职业适应具有显著的负向影响;来自城市的个体其父母更多进行父母支持,来自农村个体更多表现出父母缺乏参与。(3)大学毕业生具有中等偏上水平的职业决策自我效能感,其中男生显著优于女生,来自城市的个体显著优于农村个体,独生子女显著优于非独生子女。并且其在父母支持对职业适应的影响过程中起到部分中介作用,在父母干预和父母缺乏参与对职业适应的影响过程中起到完全中介作用。(4)大学毕业生的职业适应处于中等偏上水平。其中男生个体的职业适应水平显著高于女生个体,独生子女的职业适应水平显著高于非独生子女。最后,文章还从个人、家庭、学校、企业四方面针对如何提高大学毕业生的职业适应水平提出相关建议。
[Abstract]:A recent report indicates that one of the five graduates in 2014 has a choice to leave, one of the main reasons for their resignation is that they are not able to adapt or integrate into the working environment. Differences and why does this difference occur. Early parents (in this paper, before the University of the children), can affect their children's personality, self-efficacy, and then influence their future career adaptation. Interference and other factors also affect the career development of children. This paper investigates college graduates through the parents' general parenting behavior scale, the parental occupational related behavior scale, the occupational decision self-efficacy scale and the occupational adaptation scale, and finally gets 207 valid questionnaires and uses SPSS to divide the data. The following conclusions are drawn as follows: (1) early parents' general parenting behavior has a significant impact on occupational adaptation. (2) occupational related parental support behavior has a significant positive impact on the level of college graduates' occupational adaptation; parental intervention has a significant negative impact on occupational adaptation; parents lack participation in occupational adaptation. Significant negative impact; the parents from the city have more parental support and more parents' parents' lack of participation from the rural individuals. (3) the college graduates have a moderate level of professional decision-making self-efficacy, among which boys are significantly better than girls, and the individuals from the city are significantly better than the rural individuals and the only children are significant. It is better than non only child. And it plays a part of mediating role in the process of parental support on the impact of occupational adaptation, and plays a complete intermediary role in the process of parental intervention and parental lack of participation in the impact of occupational adaptation. (4) the vocational adaptation of college graduates is at the middle level. The level of professional adaptation of the only child is significantly higher than that of the non only child. Finally, the article also puts forward some suggestions on how to improve the vocational adaptation level of college graduates from four aspects: individual, family, school and enterprise.
【学位授予单位】：北京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F272.92

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