河北省小微企业现状统计分析和发展路径研究

发布时间：2018-09-18 21:43

【摘要】：小微企业是国民经济中不可或缺的一部分,在提供就业岗位,推动城镇化进程,促进经济增长和维持社会稳定等方面发挥着不可估量的作用。2015年国家统计局统计科学研究所发布文章表示:小微企业是我国经济社会发展的重要力量。通过对全国第三次经济普查数据的归纳分析,得出结论:目前我国小微企业的数量发展迅猛,在繁荣恢复经济、优化产业结构、增加就业人口、方便人民群众基本生活需求等方面发挥着重要作用,但同时也存在着收益率低、生命周期短、应对市场能力不足、死亡率高等问题。在“大众创业、万众创新”的浪潮下,河北省小微企业面临前所未有的机遇与挑战。本文的研究目标主要是剖析目前河北省小微企业生存的政策环境、金融环境及其发展现状,借鉴国外政府及金融机构、发达省份对引导小微企业发展所取得的经验和教训,尝试探索适合河北省小微企业发展的路径与模式,以提高河北省小微企业的竞争力和生存能力。本文首先简单介绍一些理论以及小微企业的划分标准;再根据三经普数据,描述河北省小微企业的发展概况、各市的分布状况、分产业和行业的情况;各设区市的工业、批发和零售业情况;根据中国人民银行的统计数据,分析小额贷款公司近几年的发展趋势;并与发达省进行对比,以及单独与北京、天津的对比,由京津冀“三位一体”寻找差距。其次利用聚类分析描述河北省小微企业在全国所处的水平;用因子分析寻找河北省各个行业小微企业的优劣;并用R软件根据河北省11个设区市的小微企业数据,绘制河北省地图;利用熵值法对河北省11个设区市的二三产业小微企业进行评价;利用时间序列对小微企业的数量进行预测。最后为更好地推动河北省小微企业的发展,提出有针对性的小微企业发展路径,并辅助于对策建议。
[Abstract]:Small and micro enterprises are an integral part of the national economy, providing jobs and promoting the urbanization process. Promoting economic growth and maintaining social stability plays an inestimable role. In 2015, the National Bureau of Statistics published an article saying: small and micro enterprises are an important force in China's economic and social development. Based on the summary and analysis of the data of the third national economic census, it is concluded that the number of small and micro enterprises in our country is developing rapidly at present, in order to restore the economy in prosperity, optimize the industrial structure, and increase the number of employed people. The convenience of people's basic living needs plays an important role, but at the same time, there are some problems such as low yield, short life cycle, insufficient market ability and high mortality rate. Under the tide of "mass entrepreneurship, mass innovation", small and micro enterprises in Hebei Province are faced with unprecedented opportunities and challenges. The research goal of this paper is to analyze the policy environment, financial environment and current situation of development of small and micro enterprises in Hebei Province, and to learn from the experiences and lessons of foreign governments and financial institutions and developed provinces in guiding the development of small and micro enterprises. This paper attempts to explore the path and mode suitable for the development of small and micro enterprises in Hebei Province in order to improve the competitiveness and survival ability of small and micro enterprises in Hebei Province. This paper first introduces some theories and the criteria for the division of small and micro enterprises; then, according to the general data of the three channels, describes the development of small and micro enterprises in Hebei Province, the distribution of each city, the situation of industries and industries, and the industries of each district city. The situation of wholesale and retail trade; according to the statistics of the people's Bank of China, the development trend of microfinance companies in recent years is analyzed; and compared with developed provinces, as well as with Beijing and Tianjin alone, From Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, "Trinity" to find the gap. Secondly, cluster analysis is used to describe the level of small and micro enterprises in Hebei Province in the whole country; factor analysis is used to find out the advantages and disadvantages of small and micro enterprises in various industries in Hebei Province; and R software is used according to the data of small and micro enterprises in 11 districts and cities in Hebei Province. The map of Hebei Province is drawn and the number of small and micro enterprises in the second and third industries is forecasted by using time series. Finally, in order to better promote the development of small and micro enterprises in Hebei Province, the development path of small and micro enterprises is put forward, and the countermeasures and suggestions are given.
【学位授予单位】：河北经贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F276.3

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