基于Markov链的电子产品双渠道供应链库存协同最优控制策略研究

发布时间：2018-10-16 12:29

【摘要】：随着电子商务产业快速发展,快递企业服务水平不断提升,偏好网上购物的消费者也逐年递增,因此许多企业建立了线上销售渠道,同时保持线下渠道稳步发展。在双渠道供应链中,电子产品的库存问题依然存在,而目前关于双渠道销售模式下的电子产品的库存优化策略的研究还较少。在国内外相关研究的基础上,本文针对电子产品双渠道供应链,基于Markov链分析了随机库存系统的优化策略问题。首先,考虑到电子产品的消费者需求存在渠道偏好和需求转移,基于Markov链构建了在库库存的状态空间平衡方程,并计算出供应链成员的在库库存均衡状态概率,从而得到库存持有成本和缺货成本,并引进服务成本和退货成本,构建双渠道供应链的基本库存控制模型,进而确定最优基本库存水平,并通过MATLAB进行算例仿真与结果分析。然后在基本库存控制策略模型的基础上,考虑网络商店和零售商共享库存信息和库存转移进行合作,并研究了双渠道供应链库存在协同合作下最优控制策略。需求不定性增加,会导致供应链成员库存量的增加,从而导致利润下降,而客户服务水平、退货率的提升会使双渠道供应链整体利润下降。通过对两种库存优化控制策略下的绩效进行对比分析,供应链协同合作可以降低制造商和零售商的稳态库存量和缺货量,所以提高了两个渠道中的库存利用率,提高了供应链利润,缓解了供应链中的双重边际效应。最后根据论文的分析结果,揭示了一些针对电子产品供应链的实际运作管理启示。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of e-commerce industry, the service level of express delivery enterprises is constantly improving, and consumers who prefer online shopping are also increasing year by year. Therefore, many enterprises have established online sales channels, while maintaining the steady development of offline channels. In the dual-channel supply chain, the inventory problem of electronic products still exists, but there is little research on the inventory optimization strategy of electronic products under the dual-channel sales mode. On the basis of domestic and international research, this paper analyzes the optimization strategy of stochastic inventory system based on Markov chain for electronic product supply chain. Firstly, considering the channel preference and demand transfer of consumer demand of electronic products, the state-space equilibrium equation of inventory in warehouse is constructed based on Markov chain, and the equilibrium state probability of the member of supply chain is calculated. The cost of inventory holding and stock shortage is obtained, and service cost and return cost are introduced. The basic inventory control model of double channel supply chain is constructed, and the optimal basic inventory level is determined. The simulation and result analysis are carried out by MATLAB. Then on the basis of the basic inventory control strategy model, considering the sharing of inventory information and inventory transfer between online stores and retailers, this paper studies the optimal inventory control strategy of the dual-channel supply chain under collaborative cooperation. The increase of demand uncertainty will lead to the increase of the inventory of supply chain members, which will lead to the decline of profits, while the increase of customer service level and return rate will reduce the overall profit of the supply chain with two channels. Through the comparative analysis of the performance under the two optimal inventory control strategies, the cooperative cooperation of supply chain can reduce the steady inventory and stock shortage of manufacturers and retailers, so the inventory utilization ratio in the two channels is improved. It improves the profit of the supply chain and alleviates the double marginal effect in the supply chain. Finally, according to the analysis results of the paper, some practical operation and management implications of electronic product supply chain are revealed.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F274

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