全球价值链背景下中间品进口对企业全要素生产率的影响

发布时间：2018-11-18 11:11

【摘要】：近年来,我国依靠加工贸易模式参与全球价值链分工体系的程度日益深化,中国企业的中间品进口行为不断增加。为考察近年来进口中间品的成效,文章选取2000-2006年中国工业企业数据库与海关贸易统计库合并数据,基于不同出口强度企业视角,使用普通最小二乘(OLS)、广义矩估计(GMM)等方法对企业中间品进口对其全要素生产率的影响进行考察,并采用倾向评分匹配法(PSM)和倍差法(DID)进行稳健性检验。多种检验结果表明:内销企业和出口企业进口中间品对全要素生产率均具有促进作用,且该效应在内销企业较为显著;将出口企业细分为一般出口企业和纯出口企业,发现进口中间品对全要素生产率的促进作用依内销企业、一般出口企业和纯出口企业递减。其中出口企业中加工贸易类型企业占比较大是导致上述结论产生的主要原因;进一步地,异质性检验结果显示,进口中间品对技术吸收能力强、从发达国家进口以及外资企业的生产率促进效应更明显。文章为客观评估中国企业进口中间品成效提供了新视角,同时也为现阶段"促进口"战略调整及未来"促进口"战略实施提供了有益的政策启示。
[Abstract]:In recent years, our country relies on the processing trade pattern to participate in the global value chain division system day by day, the Chinese enterprise's intermediate goods import behavior increases day by day. In order to investigate the effect of imported intermediate products in recent years, this paper selects the combined data of China Industrial Enterprise Database and Customs Trade Statistics Database from 2000 to 2006, and uses the ordinary least square (OLS), based on the different export intensity enterprise perspective. Generalized moment estimation (GMM) and other methods are used to investigate the effect of intermediate imports on the total factor productivity (TFP), and the tendency score matching method (PSM) and the double difference method (DID) are used to test the robustness. A variety of test results show that: domestic enterprises and export enterprises import intermediates to promote the total factor productivity, and this effect is more significant in domestic enterprises; The export enterprises are divided into general export enterprises and pure export enterprises. It is found that the promotion effect of import intermediates to total factor productivity is decreasing according to the domestic enterprises, the general export enterprises and the pure export enterprises. Among the export enterprises, the large proportion of the processing trade type enterprises is the main reason leading to the above conclusion. Furthermore, the heterogeneity test results show that import intermediates have a strong ability to absorb technology, and the productivity promotion effects of imported products from developed countries and foreign-funded enterprises are more obvious. This paper provides a new angle of view for objectively evaluating the effectiveness of Chinese enterprises' import intermediates, and also provides a beneficial policy inspiration for the adjustment of the strategy of "promotion mouth" and the implementation of "promotion mouth" strategy in the future.
【作者单位】：山东理工大学商学院;南开大学经济学院;
【基金】：山东省社会科学规划重大理论与现实问题协同创新研究专项(16CCXJ10) 淄博市校城融合发展计划项目(2016ZBXC236)
【分类号】：F273;F752.61

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