全球价值链下中国本土企业的创新效应

发布时间：2019-01-27 16:24

【摘要】：基于中国本土企业参与全球价值链中"出口引致进口"的特征事实,本文将企业的中间产品进口和产品出口纳入到统一的计量框架内,依靠所构建的符合中国企业进出口行为特征的多重工具变量体系,实证检验中间产品进口和产品出口对中国本土企业创新活动的影响。重要发现包括:从进口角度看,进口促进了一般贸易企业的创新活动,但抑制了加工贸易企业的创新活动。在区分不同所有制的情形下,进口对从事一般贸易的民营企业创新活动产生了更强的促进效应,而对从事加工贸易的民营企业创新活动产生了抑制效应。从出口角度看,出口未对中国本土企业创新活动产生显著影响。机制检验发现,与发达国家开展的进出口贸易均对中国本土企业的创新活动造成了显著的抑制效应,这种抑制效应在民营企业进出口行为中表现得更为突出。上述发现在一定程度上验证了中国本土企业所遭受的全球价值链俘获效应假说,为在持续推进对外开放背景下如何有效实施中国的创新驱动发展战略,提供了必要的政策依据。
[Abstract]:Based on the fact that Chinese local enterprises participate in the "export-induced import" in the global value chain, this paper brings the import of intermediate products and the export of products into the unified measurement framework. Based on the multi-tool variable system constructed according to the characteristics of Chinese enterprises' import and export behavior, this paper empirically tests the impact of intermediate product import and product export on the innovation activities of Chinese local enterprises. The main findings are as follows: from the point of view of import, import promotes the innovation activities of the general trading enterprises, but inhibits the innovation activities of the processing trade enterprises. In the case of distinguishing different ownership systems, import has a stronger promoting effect on the innovation activities of private enterprises engaged in general trade, while it has a restraining effect on the innovation activities of private enterprises engaged in processing trade. From the export point of view, export has no significant impact on the innovation activities of local enterprises in China. The mechanism test shows that the import and export trade with developed countries has a significant inhibitory effect on the innovation activities of Chinese local enterprises, which is more prominent in the import and export behavior of private enterprises. To a certain extent, the above findings verify the hypothesis of global value chain capture effect suffered by local enterprises in China, and provide the necessary policy basis for how to effectively implement China's innovation-driven development strategy in the context of continuous opening to the outside world.
【作者单位】：中国人民大学中国经济改革与发展研究院;中国人民大学经济学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金面上项目(批准号:41371139) 教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“中国新常态下创新驱动战略推进中的体制性障碍因素分析与突破途径”的阶段性成果
【分类号】：F273.1;F279.2

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