众包模式下社会资本对知识转移影响研究

发布时间：2019-04-16 19:51

【摘要】：自20世纪80年代以来,企业为了适应瞬息万变的市场规律和不断更新迭代的科学技术,需要打破组织界限充分利用大众资源进行跨组织地知识转移。而在经济全球化和知识付费的今天,企业内部的知识创新已经远远不能满足其发展要求,知识的创新更是千金难求。因此,众包应运而生。众包平台是由不同个体组成的复杂的虚拟社区,个体间长期的相互作用,形成复杂的关系网络,进而形成社会资本,成为用户进行知识创造与转移不可忽略的重要因素。为了企业能够顺利地运用众包,充分发挥大众创造知识的价值优势,本文在阅读和参考大量研究文献的基础上,以众包模式下知识转移为研究切入点,并以社会资本理论为理论支撑,对社会资本理论下的众包中知识转移影响进行了深入的研究,对企业成功开展众包具有重要的作用。在研究知识转移影响因素时,本文首先结合众包的实际情况,将社会资本的结构维度、关系维度和认知维度的影响因子进行了重新梳理,总结出了与众包密切相关的社会资本。同时,为了更好的研究知识转移的有效性,将用户行为动机理论中的知识转移意愿作为中介变量,建立了众包中社会资本对知识转移影响研究模型。最后,对模型中各变量的相互关系提出了假设。在实证研究部分,本文通过SPSS21.0和AMOS19.0对问卷调研的方式收集了研究数据进行了处理,分析了问卷的信度和效度,研究了模型的拟合度和合理性,得到了修正后的研究模型。通过研究表明:1)在社会资本结构维度上,交互强度与用户知识转移意愿、知识转移有效性具有显著的正向影响。2)在认知维度上,知识距离对知识转移有效性有显著的负向影响,且对知识转移意愿没有显著影响。同时,共同愿景对知识转移意愿和知识转移有效没有显著影响。3)在关系维度上,信任、互惠对知识转移意愿和知识转移有效性均有显著的正向影响,而社区认可只对知识转移意愿有显著正向影响。4)知识转移意愿对知识转移有效性正向相关。此外,本文根据这些结论给出了众包发展策略,具有一定的借鉴作用。
[Abstract]:Since 1980s, in order to adapt to the changing market law and constantly update iterative science and technology, enterprises need to break the organizational boundaries and make full use of mass resources for cross-organizational knowledge transfer. Today, with the globalization of economy and the payment of knowledge, the internal knowledge innovation of enterprises is far from satisfying its development requirements, and the innovation of knowledge is even more difficult to obtain. Therefore, crowdsourcing emerges as the times require. Crowdsourcing platform is a complex virtual community composed of different individuals. The long-term interaction between individuals forms a complex network of relationships, and then forms social capital, which becomes an important factor for users to create and transfer knowledge. In order to be able to use crowdsourcing smoothly and give full play to the value advantage of mass knowledge creation, this paper, on the basis of reading and referencing a large number of research documents, takes knowledge transfer under crowdsourcing mode as the starting point of research. Based on the theory of social capital, this paper deeply studies the influence of knowledge transfer in crowdsourcing under the theory of social capital, which plays an important role in the successful development of crowdsourcing in enterprises. When studying the influencing factors of knowledge transfer, this paper firstly recombs the structural dimension, relation dimension and cognitive dimension of social capital according to the actual situation of crowdsourcing, and summarizes the social capital which is closely related to crowdsourcing. At the same time, in order to better study the effectiveness of knowledge transfer, this paper takes the knowledge transfer intention in the theory of user behavior motivation as an intermediary variable, and establishes a research model of the influence of social capital on knowledge transfer in crowdsourcing. Finally, the relationship between the variables in the model is assumed. In the part of empirical research, this paper collects the research data through SPSS21.0 and AMOS19.0, analyzes the reliability and validity of the questionnaire, and studies the fitting degree and rationality of the model. The modified research model is obtained. The research shows that: 1) in the dimension of social capital structure, the interaction intensity, the willingness of knowledge transfer and the effectiveness of knowledge transfer have a significant positive impact. 2) in the dimension of cognition, there is a significant positive effect on the efficiency of knowledge transfer. Knowledge distance has a significant negative impact on the effectiveness of knowledge transfer, and has no significant effect on knowledge transfer willingness. At the same time, shared vision has no significant effect on knowledge transfer willingness and knowledge transfer effectiveness. 3) in relation dimension, trust and reciprocity have significant positive effects on knowledge transfer willingness and knowledge transfer effectiveness. However, community acceptance only has a significant positive effect on knowledge transfer willingness. 4) knowledge transfer willingness has a positive correlation with knowledge transfer effectiveness. In addition, based on these conclusions, this paper gives the development strategy of crowdsourcing, which can be used for reference.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F272

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