20世纪90年代以来中国城镇住房制度改革研究

发布时间：2018-03-10 04:04

本文选题：20世纪90年代　切入点：城镇住房制度　出处：《吉林大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：居住权是人类生存与发展的基本权利。“住有所居”既是人类生存发展的基本要求，也是人类社会发展的基本目标。住房问题是工业化、城市化的产物。中国作为一个人口大国，人均占有土地资源少，住房问题尤为凸显。1949年新中国成立以来，中国长期实行的是国家或单位所有、实物形式分配、低租金近乎无偿使用的城镇住房制度。20世纪80年代，城镇住房制度改革在一些试点城市展开。90年代初，改革扩大到全国范围，目标是建立与社会主义市场经济相适应的城镇住房新制度。1998年，中国全面实行住房分配货币化改革，彻底告别了住房分配福利化时代，成为探索具有中国特色城镇住房制度的新起点。本文以马克思主义为指导，全面回顾了20世纪90年代以来中国城镇住房制度改革的历程，系统总结期间取得的成就和历史经验，指出改革存在的问题，对继续深化改革提出政策建议。全文共分五章，主要内容如下：第一章：绪论。这一章首先阐述了本文的选题意义，包括理论意义、现实意义和学术价值，并在对相关研究进行评述的基础上，说明了本文研究的创新之处以及研究方法。第二章：20世纪90年代中国城镇住房制度改革的历史背景。这一章主要阐述了20世纪90年代初中国城镇居民住房的总体状况，指出了当时中国城镇住房制度存在的问题，分析了住房制度改革难以全面展开的原因。第三章：20世纪90年代以来中国城镇住房制度改革的历程。这一章主要是对20世纪90年代以来中国城镇住房制度改革的历程进行了全面梳理，将整个改革的历程划分为四个阶段，分析了每一阶段改革的主要内容及取得的进展。第四章：城镇住房制度改革取得的成就和面临的新挑战。这一章概括了历经20多年的城镇住房制度改革所取得的成就，分析了住房制度改革存在的问题，并针对存在的问题提出对策建议。第五章：城镇住房制度改革的历史经验。这一章总结了20世纪90年代以来的中国城镇住房制度改革取得的主要经验，即坚持住房改革的商品化、社会化方向，坚持政府主导下的渐进性改革，坚持综合运用市场和宏观调控的双重手段，坚持符合中国国情的住房观念。作者认为只有坚持这些历史经验，不断深化改革，才能真正解决好中国城镇居民的住房问题。
[Abstract]:The right of residence is the basic right of human existence and development. "living and living" is not only the basic requirement of human survival and development, but also the basic goal of human social development. Housing problem is the product of industrialization and urbanization. Since the founding of the people's Republic of China in 1949, China has long implemented a system of urban housing, which is owned by the state or units, distributed in kind, with low rents and nearly free use. In 80s, the housing system in cities and towns has been used for a long time since the founding of the people's Republic of China. The reform of urban housing system was carried out in some pilot cities in the early 1990s, and the reform was extended to the whole country with the goal of establishing a new system of urban housing in line with the socialist market economy. In 1998, China fully implemented the reform of housing distribution monetization. It has completely bid farewell to the era of housing distribution and welfare, and has become a new starting point for exploring the housing system of towns with Chinese characteristics. Under the guidance of Marxism, this paper comprehensively reviews the course of urban housing system reform in China since 1990s, systematically summarizes the achievements and historical experiences during the period, and points out the problems existing in the reform. The full text is divided into five chapters, the main contents are as follows:. Chapter one: introduction. This chapter first expounds the significance of this paper, including theoretical significance, practical significance and academic value, and on the basis of the review of relevant studies, explains the innovation and research methods of this paper. Chapter 2: the historical background of the reform of China's urban housing system in 90s of the 20th century. This chapter mainly expounds the general situation of the housing system of urban residents in China at the beginning of 1990s, and points out the problems existing in the housing system of China's cities and towns at that time. This paper analyzes the reasons why housing system reform is difficult to carry out in an all-round way. Chapter three: the course of China's urban housing system reform since 90s. This chapter mainly reviews the course of China's urban housing system reform since 1990s. The whole course of reform is divided into four stages, and the main contents and progress of each stage are analyzed. Chapter 4th: the achievements and new challenges of urban housing system reform. This chapter summarizes the achievements of urban housing system reform after more than 20 years, and analyzes the existing problems of housing system reform. Countermeasures and suggestions are put forward in view of the existing problems. Chapter 5th: the historical experience of urban housing system reform. This chapter summarizes the main experience of China's urban housing system reform since 1990s, that is, adhere to the direction of commercialization and socialization of housing reform. The author insists on the gradual reform under the guidance of the government, the comprehensive use of the dual means of market and macro-control, and the concept of housing in accordance with China's national conditions. Only then can the housing problem of Chinese urban residents be solved.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F299.23

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