中国农村土地信托流转模式比较研究

发布时间：2018-05-24 05:04

本文选题：土地信托流转 + 模式　；参考：《华东政法大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：自从改革开放以来,农业的缓慢发展制约着我国高速的经济发展。“三农问题”是一直我国重点关注的问题之一。从2004到2015年,我国政府连续12年发布中央一号文件聚焦“三农”问题,这足以说明我国对于农业发展和改革的高度重视。实际上,“三农问题”最根本的问题就是土地问题的解决。目前来看,我国老龄化问题日渐严重,农村的劳动力大量转移到城镇,年轻的劳动力不断短缺,如今我国大部分的农村地区剩下的劳动力主要是老人和留守儿童,这便导致农村土地抛荒现象日益严峻,土地产出率基本上是零,严重影响了农业生产效率。传统的小规模农业发展现今已经不能适应经济的发展需求,土地经营的适度规模化已经成为农业规模化的前提,而土地信托流转就是在这种背景下应运而生。因此,为了更好地探索我国农村的土地信托流转模式,本文主要从以下几个方面开展研究:首先,本文对土地信托流转的基本概念进行了一个明确的界定,并对其相关理论做出一个简单的概述。在此理论基础上,本文从土地信托流转模式的形成过程做了一个背景梳理,包括土地信托流转的兴起,土地信托流转发展进程以及我国主要土地信托流转的模式的现状,提出我国当前土地信托流转模式的形成经历一个发展阶段,从土地信托流转的萌芽在不断成熟发展,其中绍兴模式,益阳模式以及宿州模式分别是土地信托流转不同发展阶段中的典型代表模式。其次,通过比较分析我国这三种典型信托流转模式,描述了土地信托流转模式的基本运行机制以及土地信托流转带来的绩效影响。本文主要通过构建一个绩效评价体系来量化土地信托流转模式的绩效。具体选取了12个绩效评价指标(经济绩效指标5个,社会绩效指标4个,生态绩效指标3个),运用AHP分析法,得出选取的12个评价指标各自所占的比重。结合案例分析,从经济,社会,生态三方面比较不同信托流转模式的绩效大小。最后,结论和建议。第一,三种典型的信托流转模式试点运行过程中会都会产生绩效,;第二,三种土地信托流转模式产生的经济绩效是要大于社会绩效和生态绩效的,这意味着土地信托流转模式更侧重于农村经济的发展;第三,比较三种土地信托流转模式,总体来看,在增进农民收入,宿州模式最优,益阳模式次之,绍兴模式最差。最后,基于土地信托流转模式的选择,提出改善我国土地信托流转的相关建议。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the slow development of agriculture has restricted the rapid economic development of our country. The issue of agriculture, countryside and farmers is one of the most important problems in our country. From 2004 to 2015, our government issued the first document of the Central Committee for 12 years to focus on the issue of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers", which shows that our country attaches great importance to the agricultural development and reform. In fact, the most fundamental problem of the "three rural issues" is the solution of the land problem. At present, the aging problem in our country is getting more and more serious, the rural labor force has been transferred to cities and towns in a large number, and the young labor force is constantly in short supply. Today, the remaining labor force in most rural areas of our country is mainly the elderly and left-behind children. As a result, the phenomenon of land abandonment in rural areas is increasingly severe, and the output rate of land is basically zero, which seriously affects the efficiency of agricultural production. Traditional small-scale agricultural development has not been able to meet the needs of economic development, the moderate scale of land management has become the premise of agricultural scale, and land trust circulation is under this background. Therefore, in order to better explore the rural land trust transfer model, this paper mainly from the following aspects of research: first, this paper makes a clear definition of the basic concept of land trust circulation. And make a simple overview of its related theory. On the basis of this theory, this paper makes a background combing from the forming process of land trust circulation mode, including the rise of land trust circulation, the development process of land trust circulation and the present situation of the main land trust circulation mode in our country. It is pointed out that the formation of the current land trust circulation mode in China has experienced a stage of development, in which Shaoxing mode has been developed continuously from the germination of land trust circulation. Yiyang model and Suzhou model are typical models in different stages of land trust circulation. Secondly, through the comparative analysis of the three typical trust transfer models in China, this paper describes the basic operation mechanism of the land trust transfer model and the performance impact brought by the land trust transfer. This paper quantifies the performance of land trust circulation mode by constructing a performance evaluation system. This paper selects 12 performance evaluation indicators (5 economic performance indicators, 4 social performance indicators, 3 ecological performance indicators), and obtains the proportion of each of the 12 evaluation indicators by using AHP analysis method. Combined with case study, this paper compares the performance of different trust circulation models from three aspects: economy, society and ecology. Finally, conclusions and recommendations. First, the three typical trust transfer models will produce performance in the process of pilot operation; second, the economic performance of the three land trust transfer models is greater than social performance and ecological performance. This means that the transfer mode of land trust is more focused on the development of rural economy. Thirdly, comparing the three modes of land trust circulation, in general, in increasing farmers' income, Suzhou model is the best, Yiyang model is the second, Shaoxing model is the worst. Finally, based on the choice of land trust circulation mode, the paper puts forward some suggestions to improve land trust circulation in China.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F321.1

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