公共租赁住房空间失配研究

发布时间：2018-06-29 06:35

  本文选题：公共租赁住房 + 空间失配　； 参考：《华中科技大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：住房保障是关系社会和谐稳定的民生问题。作为我国住房保障制度新阶段,公共租赁住房已经是新建保障性住房的主要形式,其建设规模、时间安排、选址布局、分配使用和后续管理是住房保障政策的重要内容。公共租赁住房政策所取得成绩虽有目共睹,然政策实施过程中出现的问题也不容忽视,不仅在选址和建设上频频出现选址偏远、进度缓慢和质量低下等问题,在配租和使用上出现的弃租问题也日趋严重。科学理解及有效解决上述问题是住房保障政策的当务之急。空间区位是影响住房价值的关键因素。公共租赁住房区位状况对其居民的居住、就业及通勤带来的改变,会影响公共租赁住房的使用效率及保障水平。本文从空间分布视角对公共租赁住房进行分析。基于空间失配理论、住房效用理论及可行能力理论,应用实地调研所得翔实数据,综合采用定性及定量方法,对公共租赁住房空间失配进行全方位分析。全文共分八章。第一章是绪论,包括研究问题提出、国内外文献梳理及研究设计。第二章是公共租赁住房空间失配理论分析,包括公共租赁住房空间失配的理论论证、内涵界定与表征分析。第三章是问卷调查与描述性分析,包括调研过程描绘和应用统计方法对调研样本相关指标的全方位描述。第四章是空间失配水平的测度,应用职住平衡度、工作可及性、通勤时间尺度和通勤空间尺度进行测度。第五章是住房福利影响分析,包括从个体住房福利角度,对公共租赁住房空间失配可能导致的影响进行分析。第六章是形成机理梳理,包括从政府、市场和个体等主体维度,对形成公共租赁住房空间失配形成的因素及作用机理探究。第七章是矫正路径探讨,提出矫正公共租赁住房空间失配的可行路径。第八章是结论。通过上述系统的研究,本文得到了如下研究结论：(1)公共租赁住房空间失配存在。依照竟租理论、住房效用理论和可行能力理论,如果公共租赁住房选址超出空间临界区位,额外增加的通勤费用将超过可能获取的住房收益,居民入住将面临效益受损,从而处于空间失配的状态。实证数据表明,居民入住公共租赁住房的行为显著恶化了居民的就业状况及通勤状况。从通勤时间指标看,84.4%的居民通勤时间超过“可接受通勤时间”。从通勤空间指标看,超过63.6%的居民的通勤距离超过合理通勤尺度。从居民住房福利变化看,接近50%家庭通勤成本增加超过住房支出减少,住房福利受损。依照公共租赁住房空间失配的相关内涵及界定,所选公共租赁住房样本区存在空间失配。(2)公共租赁住房空间失配影响和弱化个体住房福利改善。首先,住房支出节省不显著,住房支出水平得到改善幅度非常小,且部分群体存在住房支出水平增加。其次,通勤状况显著恶化。入住公共租赁住房带来居民通勤支出大幅增加,且从通勤方式、通勤时间和通勤距离等各方面呈现。综合考虑住房成本和通勤成本,公共租赁住房空间失配显著弱化了居民住房福利改善水平。同时,个体所具备的不同属性对住房福利改善的可能性及大小存在不同影响。(3)公共租赁住房空间失配形成机理复杂。政府、市场(企业及利益相关者)和个体(居民)三大主体基于不同机制,通过住房市场和就业市场对公共租赁住房空间失配形成施加影响。政府郊区化政策、保障性住房政策、职住平衡政策及公共交通政策等政策存在的偏差,直接影响公共租赁住房区位选址,进而影响其居民的居住、就业和通勤状况,成为形成公共租赁住房空间失配的直接动力。市场主体的行为形成和固化了城市居住空间形态和就业空间形态,使公共租赁住房居民面临择居与择业的两难选择,进一步恶化其居民的职住与通勤状况,是公共租赁住房空间失配形成的重要推动力。在政策和市场机制的共同作用下,个体对居住区位、就业区位及通勤方式进行选择,最终形成公共租赁住房空间失配。(4)矫正和解决公共租赁住房空间失配的可行路径。第一、从选址角度,遵循综合性、系统性、协调性和匹配性的原则,依照多样性目标进行选址。选址策略注重区域平衡以及居住梯度融合,在选址评价注重全面考虑评价因素和科学选取评价方法。第二、从营建角度,应采用混合居住模式和TOD导向模式,注重建设激励机制和信息获取机制优化。第三、从居民通勤及就业角度,注重改善公共租赁住房住区产业分布及公共交通设施配备状况,实现公共租赁住房居民的就近就业与居住。
[Abstract]:Housing security is the livelihood issues of harmonious and stable society. As the new stage of China's housing security system, public rental housing is the main form of new guaranteed housing. Its construction scale, time arrangement, location layout, distribution and use and follow-up management are important contents of housing security policy. Public rental housing policy has been obtained. Although the results are obvious, the problems arising in the implementation of the policy can not be ignored, not only in the location and construction of the frequent site selection, slow progress and low quality, and so on. The problem of rent and use of rent and use is becoming more and more serious. Scientific understanding and effective solution of the above problems are the top priority of the housing security policy. The spatial location is the key factor affecting the housing value. The change of the public rental housing location on the residents' residence, employment and commuter will affect the efficiency and the level of the public rental housing. This paper analyzes the public rental housing from the spatial distribution perspective. Based on the space mismatch theory, the theory of housing utility and the housing utility theory, The feasible ability theory, the full and accurate data obtained from the field investigation and comprehensive use of qualitative and quantitative methods, the comprehensive analysis of the spatial mismatch of public rental housing. The full text is divided into eight chapters. The first chapter is the introduction, including the research issues, the domestic and foreign literature combing and the research and design. The second chapter is the theoretical analysis of the spatial mismatch of the public rental housing. The third chapter is the comprehensive description of the questionnaire survey and the descriptive analysis, including the investigation process depiction and the application of statistical methods on the comprehensive description of the related indicators of the sample. The fourth chapter is the measure of the spatial mismatch level, the application of employment balance, work accessibility, commuter The fifth chapter is the analysis of the impact of housing welfare, including from the perspective of individual housing welfare, the possible impact of public rental housing space mismatch. The sixth chapter is the formation mechanism, including the main dimensions of the government, the market and the individual, to form the public rental housing space loss. The seventh chapter is the discussion of the factors and the mechanism of action. The eighth chapter is the conclusion. Through the study of the above system, the following conclusions are obtained: (1) the spatial mismatch exists in the public rental housing. According to the theory of rent rent, the theory of housing utility and the feasibility are feasible. The ability theory, if the location of the public rental housing is beyond the critical location of the space, the additional commuter costs will exceed the possible housing benefits, and the residents will be in a state of space mismatch. The empirical data shows that the behavior of residents living in public rental housing significantly worsens the employment status of the residents and In view of the commuter time index, 84.4% of the residents' commuter time exceeded the "acceptable commuter time". From the commuter space index, more than 63.6% of the residents' commuter distance exceeded the reasonable commuter scale. From the change of housing welfare, the cost of the close to 50% families was increased more than the housing expenditure, and the housing welfare was damaged. The related connotation and definition of public rental housing space mismatch, the selected public rental housing sample area exists space mismatch. (2) public rental housing space mismatch influence and weaken individual housing welfare improvement. First, housing expenditure is not significant, housing expenditure level is very small, and some groups have housing expenditure water. Second, the status of commuting deteriorated significantly. Public rental housing brought a significant increase in commuter expenditure, and from commuter mode, commuter time and commuter distance. Comprehensive consideration of housing cost and commuter cost, public rental housing space mismatch significantly weakened the improvement level of residents' housing welfare. Different attributes have different effects on the possibility and size of housing welfare improvement. (3) the formation mechanism of public rental housing space mismatch is complex. The government, market (enterprise and stakeholder) and individual (resident) three main bodies are based on different mechanisms to form the spatial mismatch of public rental housing through the housing market and the employment market. The policy of the suburbanization of the government, the policy of affordable housing, the policy of balance and the policy of public transportation, have a direct influence on the location of the public rental housing, and then affect the residents' residence, employment and commuter, and become the direct motive force to form the space mismatch of the public rental housing. The behavior of the market body is formed. And solidify the form of urban residential space and the form of employment space, make public rental housing residents face the dilemma of choosing and choosing jobs, further worsening their residents' living and commuting status, which is an important driving force for the formation of space mismatch in public rental housing. Under the joint action of policy and market mechanism, the individual is to the residential location, The selection of industry location and commuter mode will eventually form the spatial mismatch of public rental housing. (4) the feasible path to correct and solve the spatial mismatch of public rental housing. First, from the location point of view, we follow the principles of comprehensive, systematic, coordination and matching, and select the location according to the diversity goal. The location strategy focuses on regional balance and residence. In the location evaluation, we should pay attention to the comprehensive consideration of evaluation factors and scientific selection methods. Second, from the point of view of construction, we should adopt the mixed residence mode and TOD oriented model, pay attention to the construction of incentive mechanism and information acquisition mechanism. Third, from the commuting and employment angle of the residents, we should pay more attention to the improvement of the distribution of the public rental housing industry and the distribution of the residential housing industry. The public transport facilities are equipped to achieve the nearest employment and residence of public rental housing residents.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F299.23
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本文编号：2081238