试析缅甸政治民主化的特点及其成因

发布时间：2017-12-31 02:22

本文关键词：试析缅甸政治民主化的特点及其成因　出处：《外交学院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：20世纪80年代,民主化浪潮席卷了东南亚的大多数国家。而缅甸作为其中情况比较复杂和特殊的一员,民主化进程滞后,军人政府牢牢掌握国家政权,使得国内政治、经济、文化的发展受到极大阻碍。如何在民主化浪潮中找到自己的前进方向,成为缅甸政治发展的重要课题。缅甸自独立以来,政治民主化进程大致可分为缅甸议会民主制的衰落与“缅甸式社会主义”的破产、苏貌政权时期的议会选举和丹瑞军人政权执政时期“七步民主路线图”的完成、吴登盛政府的民主路线图计划、2015缅甸全国大选后缅甸的政治发展这四个阶段。缅甸政治民主化进程中显示出其特有的特点,即军人主导、通过“契约性妥协”平稳推进政治民主化进程、有较好的弹性和宽容性,以及政治民主化任重道远。这些特点的形成有其国际、国内以及领导人的个人魅力等方面的原因。西方国家对其制裁、第三次民主化浪潮以及全球化背景下西方国家对它施加的压力等国际因素的影响不容忽视。此外,经济的发展是影响缅甸政治民主化的重要因素,只有经济发展,人民生活水平提高,各民族团结一致,宗教和睦相处,政治民主化进程才能继续推进。最后,领导人昂山素季的个人影响力和政治主张对于缅甸政治民主化未来发展的走向也有着深刻的影响。
[Abstract]:In 1980s, the democratization wave swept across most countries in Southeast Asia, and Myanmar as a more complex and special member of the situation, the democratization process lagged behind, the military government firmly grasp the state power. The development of domestic politics, economy and culture has been greatly hindered. How to find its own way forward in the wave of democratization has become an important issue in Myanmar's political development. Myanmar has been independent since its independence. The process of political democratization can be divided into the decline of Myanmar parliamentary democracy and the bankruptcy of "Burmese socialism". The parliamentary elections during the Soviet regime and the completion of the "seven-step road map" for democracy during the period of the than Shwe military regime, and the democratic road map plan of the Thein Sein Government. The four stages of political development in Myanmar after the national elections in 2015. The process of political democratization in Myanmar has shown its unique characteristics, namely, military leadership. Through "contractual compromise" to promote the process of political democratization smoothly, there is good flexibility and tolerance, and political democratization has a long way to go. Domestic as well as leader's personal charm and other reasons. Western countries to its sanctions. The influence of international factors such as the third wave of democratization and the pressure exerted by western countries on it under the background of globalization can not be ignored. In addition, economic development is an important factor affecting political democratization in Myanmar. Only with economic development, people's living standards improved, all ethnic groups United, religions living in harmony, and the process of political democratization can continue to advance. Finally. The personal influence and political opinion of leader Aung San Suu Kyi also have a profound influence on the future development of political democratization in Myanmar.
【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D733.7

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