重庆市涪陵区政府绩效评估实证研究

发布时间：2018-01-06 16:16

本文关键词：重庆市涪陵区政府绩效评估实证研究　出处：《西南大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：作为新公共管理的重要组成部分之一,政府绩效评估在加强政府责任、提高政府效率等方面有着举足轻重的作用,政府绩效评估的作用包括了监督政府行为、提高政府绩效和改善政府形象等方面。政府绩效评估作为政府改革的热点及难点问题,在全世界都备受瞩目。政府绩效评估是一种具有创新性的政府制度安排,它不仅有利于强化政府方面的监督控制力度,同时还能促进政府行政成本的有效降低、提高政府公共服务质量和效率,所以说政府绩效评估在促进政府可控性和有效性的平衡方面有积极作用。因此,在新公共管理运行兴起的同时,各国政府纷纷开始建立和完善政府绩效评估机制,就是为了创建更加稳定、更加高效和民主的现代具有时代先进性的政府。而就我国来说,其政治、经济、文化环境和人民传统观念较之于西方社会尤其是英美国家都有着较大差异。这些差异导致我国在进行政府绩效评估时,必须立足于具有我国当前具体情况,同时具有选择性的借鉴西方先进理论和成功实践经验,提炼出符合我国国情的、行之有效的具体实施方案。现代政府的行政宗旨是向社会公民提供优质高效率的服务,而政府绩效评估的质量好坏关系到每个公民的切身利益,所以政府绩效评估受到国内外社会广泛关注。因此,对政府绩效评估的研究具有非常重要的意义。我国政府目前急需解决的重大课题之一,就是如何通过改善政府绩效评估,进而引导政府在作为方面有所选择,树立起正确的绩效观和价值导向。在对政府绩效评估的分析框架的构建时,是要把政府绩效评估看做是完整的政府管理的一部分,提高对企业绩效评估的优秀方案和经验的重视程度,将它们改进并应用到政府绩效评估中来,逐步建立起政府绩效评估的完整体系,这是我国政府绩效评估由基础层面提升到制度层面的必然选择。推动政府绩效评估不断发展,就是要将国外政府绩效评估理论与中国国情相结合,对基础问题进行系统研究,总结出具有中国特色、符合中国社会现状的原创性理论。政府绩效评估从价值取向的树立到确定评估目标、评估指标及流程的选择各方面都要系统考虑。本文在对国内外优秀文献学习的基础上,结合经济学、政治学、会计学等相关理论,在公共受托责任理论的基础上,构建出了我国政府绩效评估的整体框架。本文在丰富我国政府绩效评估理论的同时,对确定评估主体和对象、设置评估维度、确定评估流程以及信息公开和结果应用方面都做了具体研究,对我国政府绩效评估具有一定的参考价值。本文首先阐述了政府管理理论基础并以重庆市涪陵区政府绩效评估作为研究对象进行分析,其次系统阐述了西方发达国家政府绩效评估的先进案例及其经验。再次分析了我国政府绩效评估中存在的问题。然后再此基础上分析了造成这些问题的原因。最后针对我国政府绩效评估中存在的问题提出了改进的对策。具体则是从以下五个部分来研究：一、导论。该部分主要界定相关概念,阐述本文的选题理由和意义,整理国内外相关研究文献并加以概括。二、重要概念的定义及绩效相关理论研究。其中理论主要包括公共受托责任理论、德尔菲法理论和平衡计分卡理论。德尔菲法是根据调查人的需求拟定调查材料,专家间不能发生直接接触,避免了权威、专家意见发表不充分、固执己见等对结果的影响。因此该方法具有广泛的代表性,较为可靠。平衡计分卡可以用作企业的日常管理同时也是一项绩效考核常用的理论工具。三、西方发达国家绩效评估案例与经验。通过对英美等国家政府绩效管理的实践经验的深入研究,总结其中对我国绩效评估有益的经验。四、对重庆涪陵区绩效评估实践的分析。从涪陵区政府开展绩效评估的情况发现该区绩效评估实践中的主要问题,并分析导致这些问题的原因。五、对政府绩效评估系统的改进建议和思考。根据政府的价值取向确定出该地区的政府管理目标,设置符合情况的绩效维度,进而选择合适的绩效指标,优化政府绩效评估体系,提出几点关于政府绩效管理的新思路。
[Abstract]:As an important part of the new public management, government performance evaluation to strengthen the responsibility of the government, plays an important role in improving government efficiency, government performance evaluation function including supervising government behavior, improve government performance and improve the image of the government and so on. Government performance evaluation is a hot and difficult problem in the whole of government reform. The world have attracted much attention. The government performance evaluation is an innovative system of government arrangement, it is not only conducive to strengthen the supervision and control of the government, but also promote effectively reduce administrative costs, improve public service quality and efficiency, so that the government performance evaluation has a positive effect in promoting the balance of government control and effective. Therefore, the rise of the new public management operation at the same time, governments have started to establish and improve the government performance evaluation The mechanism, is to create a more stable, more efficient and modern democracy has advanced age and the government. As for China, its political, economic, cultural environment and people's traditional concepts in western society especially Anglo American countries have great differences. These differences result in our country government performance evaluation, must based on the current situation of our country has a specific, selective and drawing lessons from the western advanced theory and successful practice, to extract the line with China's national conditions, the specific implementation plan effective.
The modern government administrative purpose is to provide high-quality efficient social services to citizens and the government performance evaluation quality is directly related to the vital interests of every citizen, so the government performance evaluation by the domestic and foreign widespread concern. Therefore, the research on the government performance evaluation has a very important significance. One of the major task of our government is urgently needed to solve, is how to improve the government performance evaluation, and guide the government to have a choice as, to establish a correct concept of performance and value orientation.
In the analysis of the construction of the framework of government performance evaluation, is to make the government performance evaluation as part of the complete management of the government, improve the degree of attention of excellent project evaluation on enterprise performance and experience, they will be improved and applied to government performance assessment, and gradually establish a complete system of government performance evaluation. This is the inevitable choice by the basic level to the system level of the government performance evaluation in our country. To promote the development of government performance evaluation, is to put the theory of foreign government performance evaluation and Chinese conditions combined into system on the basis of the problems, summed up with Chinese characteristics, the original theory accords with the present situation of China society. Government performance evaluation to determine the evaluation target from the value orientation to establish the evaluation index, and process selection should consider the system. Based on the domestic and foreign outstanding literature based learning On the basis, combined with economics, political science, accounting and other related theories, on the basis of public accountability theory, constructs the framework of government performance evaluation in our country. In this paper enrich our government performance evaluation theory at the same time, to determine the assessment subject and object, set the evaluation dimensions, determine the evaluation process and information open and application results are made specific research, has a certain reference value for government performance evaluation in China.
This paper first introduces the basic theory of government administration and the Chongqing District of Fuling city government performance evaluation as the research object analysis system, secondly describes advanced experiences and case assessment in western developed countries, government performance. Thirdly analyzes the existing government performance evaluation in our country. Then based on the analysis of the causes of these problems finally the paper puts forward the countermeasures aiming at the existing problems in government performance evaluation.
Specifically, it is studied from the following five parts:
First, introduction. This part mainly defines the relevant concepts, expounds the reasons and significance of the topic, collating the relevant literature at home and abroad and generalizes it.
Two, the definition of important concepts and performance related theory research. The theory includes the theory of public accountability, the theory of Delphy theory and the balanced scorecard. Delphy Fa is based on the investigation of the needs of people to survey materials, experts can not directly contact, avoid the authority of expert opinion published is not sufficient, influence on the results of the stubborn. So this method has wide representation, more reliable. The balanced scorecard can be used in the daily management of the enterprise is also a theory of performance appraisal tools commonly used.
Three, western developed countries' performance evaluation cases and experiences. Through in-depth research on the practice experience of government performance management in Britain and the United States, we summarize the useful experience of performance evaluation in China.
Four, the performance evaluation practice in Fuling District of Chongqing is analyzed. From the performance evaluation conducted by Fuling district government, we find the main problems in the performance evaluation practice, and analyze the reasons leading to these problems.
Five, improvement suggestions on government performance evaluation system. Determine the objectives of government management in the region according to the value orientation of the government, set up in line with the performance dimensions, and then select the appropriate performance indicators, optimization of government performance evaluation system, put forward new ideas about government performance management points.

【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D630

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