中加小学科学课程标准比较研究

发布时间：2018-01-09 05:36

  本文关键词：中加小学科学课程标准比较研究　出处：《西南大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 加拿大 小学科学 科学课程标准 比较研究

【摘要】：随着当今世界政治、经济、现代科学技术的快速发展,人类的生活水平达到了前所未有的新高度。世界各国越来越重视发展科技,那么强化和壮大科技领域就要扎根于国家的基础科学教育,科学教育在基础教育中承担着重要的作用。中国作为发展中的大国,我国的基础教育中的科学教育仍存在一些问题,国民的科学素养水平还没有达到与当今世界发展的要求,为了提高和改善国民科学素养,进一步适应时代的发展需求。中华人民共和国教育部于2001年7月颁布了《全日制义务教育科学(3-6年级)课程标准(实验稿)》,这意味着我国的小学科学教育将迎来全新的起点和挑战,同时这也是我国第一部关于小学科学教育的课程标准,其意义和产生的影响巨大。相比较西方发达国家的科学教育,我国的小学科学教育发展较晚,然而西方发达国家例如美国、加拿大等国家的科学教育日趋成熟,其实施科学教育的经验尤为丰富,所以与发达国家的科学课程标准进行比较分析,是一种学习和借鉴西方国家科学教育优势的重要手段和途径。2008年加拿大安大略省颁布了新修订的《加拿大1-8年级科学与技术课程标准(2007修订版)》,此次新颁布的课程标准是对1998年出台的科学课程标准的修改与完善。当今教育发展日趋国际化,各国中等、高等院校合作联系密切,在这种国际教育文化背景交流下,中国与加拿大两国之间开展了“中国——加拿大教师教育和学校教育互惠学习”项目,本研究属于该项目中科学教育子项目的课题研究,通过本文的研究将会对项目科学教育子项目的进展和研究奠定良好的基础。笔者选择中国和加拿大最新的小学科学课程标准文本进行分析比较,首先,笔者通过项目的官方渠道获得第一手文本资料,并将全英文版本的加拿大小学科学课程标准进行全面系统的翻译,然后对两国的小学科学课程标准的研究进行了综述,并采用文献法、比较法、统计分析法对课程标准中的结构框架、课程目标与课程理念、知识内容、评价建议、实施建议六个部分进行了深入系统的分析比较。在结构框架方面的分析比较,两国的小学科学课程标准结构设置相似,文本容量差距较大,但侧重点均不同;在课程目标和理念方面的分析比较,两国均重视提升学生的科学探究能力,以学生为中心,但也存在差异性,凸显两国不同的社会文化教育背景;在知识内容标准方面的分析比较,以科学探究、科学知识、情感态度与价值观三个方面展开,并对具体主题知识进行知识广度和深度比较分析,又对科学知识的广度和深度显著性差异进行分析。科学知识内容都符合学生的发展与认知规律,促进学生全面发展;在评价意见方面的分析比较,存在较大的差异性,加方评价体系较为完备;在实施建议方面的分析比较,中加两国的侧重点不同,加拿大的教学建议涉及的教学领域范围较为全面、广泛。基于上述比较分析的基础,总结出中国和加拿大两国的小学科学课程标准的共同性和差异性,提出了对我国小学科学教育发展及改革的一些启示。
[Abstract]:With the world's political, economic, the rapid development of modern science and technology, human life level reached a new height of hitherto unknown. More and more countries attach importance to the development of science and technology, so strengthening and strengthening scientific and technological basic science education should be rooted in the country, science education plays an important role in the basic education. As the development of China in the country, the science education of China's basic education, there still exist some problems, national scientific literacy level has not reached and the development of the world, in order to improve the national scientific literacy, further adapt to the development needs of the times. The People's Republic of China Ministry of Education promulgated the "Full-time Compulsory Education Science in July 2001 (Grade 3-6) the curriculum standard (experimental draft)", which means that the primary school science education in China will usher in a new starting point and challenge, which is also China's first On the curriculum standards of primary school science education department, the significance and the influence is huge. Comparison of science education in western developed countries, the later development of primary school science education in our country, however, the western developed countries such as the United States, Canada and other national science education is becoming more and more mature, the implementation of science and education are experienced and developed, so the state of the science curriculum standards for comparative analysis, is an important means and ways of.2008 and learn science education superiority of western countries in Canada in Ontario Province promulgated the newly revised "Canada 1-8 level science and technology curriculum standards (2007 Edition)", the promulgation of the new curriculum standard is revised and perfected in 1998 the introduction of science curriculum standard. The development of education internationalization, the medium, institutions of higher learning is closely linked in the international education exchange and cultural background Next, between China and Canada launched the "China - learning" project of Canadian teacher education and school education reciprocity, research this study belongs to the science education sub projects, through the research of this paper will progress and Research on science education project sub project to lay a good foundation. The author chooses China and Canada new the primary school science curriculum standard text analysis and comparison, first of all, the author obtains the first text information through the official channels of the project, and will conduct a comprehensive system full version of the English Canada primary school science curriculum standards, then study on the primary school science curriculum standards are reviewed, and uses the method of literature, comparative law, statistics the analysis framework of curriculum standards in law, curriculum goal and curriculum idea, knowledge content, evaluation, implementation of the proposed six parts A thorough and systematic analysis. The comparative analysis of the structure of primary school science curriculum standards between the two countries set up similar structure, a larger gap between the capacity of the text, but the focus is different; the comparative analysis of the curriculum goals and ideas, both countries attach great importance to enhancing students' scientific inquiry ability, take the student as the center, but there are also differences the two countries, highlighting the different educational background of social culture; comparative analysis on knowledge content standards, with scientific research, scientific knowledge, emotional attitude and values of the three aspects, and the specific knowledge of comparative analysis of breadth and depth of knowledge, and significant differences in the breadth and depth of scientific knowledge for analysis. The contents are consistent with the development of scientific knowledge and the cognitive law of students, promote students' all-round development; comparative analysis in the evaluation opinions, there is a big difference, and evaluation Relatively complete system; comparative analysis in the implementation of recommendations, plus two different emphases, Canada teaching suggestions involving teaching field is comprehensive, widely. The base of comparison based on the analysis, summarizes the similarities and differences between Canada and the China primary school science curriculum standard, put forward some suggestion on China's primary school science education reform and development.

【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G623.6
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本文编号：1400219