民国时期青岛慈善法制研究（1922-1937）

发布时间：2018-01-12 03:27

本文关键词：民国时期青岛慈善法制研究（1922-1937）　出处：《中国海洋大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：民国时期在慈善史的研究中是一个特殊历史阶段。夏明方指出：这一时期的慈善救济事业研究“还是一片刚刚开辟有待于深耕扩垦的荒地”。综观史学界对整个慈善史的研究,学者们对民国时期慈善事业发展的研究远远落后于对明代、清代的慈善事业研究。在区域慈善事业的研究中,还存在着很多方面的欠缺,学者对慈善法制法规的研究更是鲜有涉及。目前慈善史学界对青岛慈善事业的研究集中于对青岛慈善史发展概况、慈善组织团体以及其社会影响等基本问题方面,尚有很大的研究发展空间。本文试图对1922-1937年期问青岛慈善法制的社会政治经济背景、慈善法规的内容、特点、评价及对当代慈善法制建设的启示做一个系统的研究。除前言和结语之外,本文共分为四个部分：第一部分,本章围绕民国时期在北洋政府和南京国民政府统治下的青岛慈善事业发展的社会背景进行论述。首先叙述了青岛自开埠以来历经德日占领时期直至国民政府收回后,慈善事业发展的社会政治经济背景。然后对这一时期青岛慈善事业发展的概况进行了论述,从官办和民间两个角度,对青岛的慈善事业中具有代表性的慈善组织和机构的设置、宗旨及作用等方面展开论述。第二部分,本章主要以民国时期青岛的慈善法律法规为对象,对青岛慈善法制中的主要内容展开论述。具体各节分别从慈善组织法规、慈善监管法规、慈善税收优惠法规及慈善捐赠褒奖法规四个方面,选取其中具有代表性的中央和青岛慈善法规尽心整理和分析,以期对这一时期青岛慈善法制的内容有一个概况性的了解。第三部分,本章将关注点集中在民国时期青岛慈善法制的特点方面。民国时期是青岛慈善事业发展的黄金时期,在慈善事业的快速发展中,其慈善法制逐渐建立发展起来,本章通过对上一章中慈善法制中的主要法规的制定、内容及实施的分析,对青岛慈善法制的特点进行初步的探讨和分析。本章主要选取了慈善法制的内容、理念及功能三个方面对其特点进行了分析和概括。第四部分,本章主要对民国时期青岛慈善法制进行了简单的评价,并论述了其对当代慈善立法的启示。民国时期青岛慈善事业得到迅速发展并开始走向兴盛,其中慈善法律法规的制定和颁行对其发展产生重大影响,这种影响对当今我国慈善事业的发展也有着一定的启示。本章主要从这一时期青岛慈善法制的对慈善事业本身的意义、在制定和实施中存在的局限以及对当今慈善事业发展的启示三个方面展开论述。总之,本文在广泛搜集已有资料的前提下,以区域的视角,宏观掌控,微观着手,以1922年至1937年北洋政府及南京国民政府统治下的青岛为中心,运用历史学、社会学和法学等多门学科的理论和方法,对青岛社会慈善事业的发展状况,慈善法律法规的主要内容、特点及对其的评价和当代慈善法制建设的启示等方面进行系统的考察和探究。
[Abstract]:The period of the Republic of China is a special historical stage in the history of the study of the charity. The summer of Frances pointed out: "this period of charity relief or a deep expansion has just opened up to be reclaimed wasteland. In the study of the history of philanthropy in academic circles, scholars of the development of philanthropy is the period of the Republic of China behind of the Ming Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty on the charity. In the study area of charity, there are still many shortcomings, scholars of the legal regulations of charity is rarely involved. The historians of Qingdao charity charity research focused on the development of Qingdao charity history, the basic problem of charitable organizations group and its social influence, there is still a lot of room for development. This paper attempts to 1922-1937 year ask Qingdao charity legal system of the political and economic background, the charity regulations of the content, characteristics, evaluation The price and the enlightenment to the contemporary charitable legal system construction and make a systematic study. In addition to the preface and conclusion, this paper is divided into four parts: the first part, this chapter focuses on the period of the Republic of China in the Beiyang government and the national government in Nanjing under the social background of the development of charity in Qingdao were discussed. First described from Qingdao since its inception after the German occupation period until the national government to recover after the development of philanthropy social political and economic background. Then the situation of this period of Qingdao charity development are discussed, from two angles of government and private charitable organizations, the representative of Qingdao charities and institutions, is discussed on purpose and function. The second part, this chapter mainly to charity laws and regulations during the period of the Republic of Qingdao as object, discusses the main contents of the legal system of charity in Qingdao. The festival From the charity charity laws, regulations, four aspects of charity preferential tax laws and regulations selected charitable donation award, with the collation and analysis of one representative of the central government and the Qingdao charity law, in order to have a general understanding of the legal system of charity in Qingdao during the period of the content. The third part, this chapter will focus on the characteristics of Qingdao charitable legal system in the period of the Republic of China. The Republic of China is the golden age of the development of charity in Qingdao, in the rapid development of charity, the charity legal system gradually established, this chapter mainly through the development of laws and regulations on the legal system of charity in the chapter, analysis the content and implementation of the preliminary discussion and Analysis on the characteristics of Qingdao charity legal system. This chapter mainly select the contents of the legal system of charity, the three aspects of concept and function are analyzed and summarized the characteristics of the fourth. In part, this chapter focuses on the period of the Republic of Qingdao charity legal system for a simple evaluation, and discusses its enlightenment to contemporary charity legislation. During the period of the Republic of Qingdao charity has been developing rapidly and began to flourish, the formulation and enactment of laws and regulations of the charity exerted a great influence on its development, the influence on the development of our charity the business also has a certain enlightenment. This chapter mainly from this period of Qingdao charity legal system of charity itself, there are three aspects in the formulation and implementation of the limitations and Enlightenment to the development of charity. In short, this paper based on widely collected data, by region from the perspective of macro control, micro start, from 1922 to 1937, the Beiyang government and Nanjing national government under the rule of Qingdao as the center, the use of history, sociology and law science Based on the theory and method, this paper systematically investigates and explores the development of Qingdao social charity, the main contents, characteristics and evaluation of charitable laws and regulations, as well as the enlightenment to contemporary charity legislation.

【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：K258

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