关于立法规划制度的完善建议

发布时间：2018-02-08 15:33

本文关键词： 立法规划全国人大常委会立法项目　出处：《郑州大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：通说认为,立法规划是指有权编制主体采用科学的立法技术和方法,合理预测国家政治经济的需要,遵循既定的程序,对未来几年的立法工作做出科学的安排与部署。我国自第八届人大常委会制定立法规划伊始,历经五届,都只是作为全国人大常委会的一种实践惯例,并未上升到国家法律。直至2015年3月15日第十二届全国人民代表大会第三次会议表决通过《关于修改〈中华人民共和国立法法〉的决定》修正),立法规划制度得以正式确立。虽然立法规划制度自在我国诞生以来,取得的实效并不如人意,由此引发了部分学者关于其存在的必要性的质疑。诚然,事物在发展过程中不可避免会出现一些问题,但不能在不加修正之前便予以否决。在笔者看来,我国立法规划因改革开放后社会发展对法律的迫切需求而产生,当下孕育该制度的历史条件并未根本变化,立法规划不可轻易废止。从法律体系建设的角度来看,立法规划是法律系统化、科学化的必要手段,是提高立法效率的必由之路。立法规划主要是按照启动立法项目、各有权主体提出立法项目并经人大法工委整理汇总及筛查、拟定立法规划草案后经全国人大委员长会议审议批准、公布实施等环节实行。不容乐观的是,立法规划的实施效果远未达到制定立法规划时的预期。究其原因,不论是在立法规划的立法项目的申报过程中还是立法规划制定过程,乃至立法规划实施过程中都存在诸多问题。笔者通过探寻导致这些问题存在的动因,并在细致分析的基础上深刻的剖析出立法规划制度在我国存在的现实困境。为了使立法规划的功能得到充分的体现,笔者简要论述了中外立法规划制度的基本情况,并在此基础上探讨导致中外立法规划制度异同的原因。最后,本文提出了一些完善建议。第一,淡化立法规划制度对民主提案的影响;第二,完善立法项目征集制度;第三,对计划外审议进入立法计划进行程序规制;第四,健全立法规划编制程序;第五,加强立法规划的实施保障。
[Abstract]:Generally speaking, legislative planning refers to the right of the subject to adopt scientific legislative techniques and methods, to reasonably predict the needs of the country's political economy, and to follow the established procedures. We have made scientific arrangements and arrangements for the legislative work in the next few years. Since the 8th NPC standing Committee formulated the legislative plan, the five sessions have only been regarded as a practical practice of the NPC standing Committee. Until March 15th 2015, the third session of the 12th National people's Congress voted to amend the Legislative Law of the people's Republic of China. Although the legislative planning system has been established since the birth of our country, The results have not been satisfactory, which has caused some scholars to question the necessity of their existence. To be sure, there will inevitably be some problems in the process of development. But we can't veto it without amendment. In the author's opinion, the legislative planning of our country comes into being because of the urgent need of the law for the social development after the reform and opening up, and the historical conditions that gave birth to this system have not changed fundamentally. From the point of view of the construction of the legal system, legislative planning is a necessary means of systematization and scientization of the law, and is the only way to improve the efficiency of legislation. The legislative planning is mainly based on the initiation of legislative projects. Each body with the right to propose legislative items, collate up and screen them by the NPC legal work Committee, draw up a draft legislative plan, after deliberation and approval by the NPC Chairman's meeting, promulgate the implementation of such links as implementation, etc. What is not optimistic is that. The implementation effect of the legislative planning is far from the expected when the legislative planning is made. The reason is that whether it is in the process of declaring the legislative items of the legislative planning or in the process of making the legislative planning, There are many problems in the implementation of legislative planning. On the basis of careful analysis, the author deeply analyzes the realistic predicament of the legislative planning system in our country. In order to fully reflect the function of the legislative planning, the author briefly discusses the basic situation of the legislative planning system at home and abroad. Finally, this paper puts forward some perfect suggestions. First, desalinate the influence of legislative planning system on democratic proposal; second, perfect the system of legislative project collection; third, We should regulate the procedure of unplanned deliberation and entry into the legislative plan; 4th, perfect the legislative plan compilation procedure; 5th, strengthen the implementation guarantee of the legislative plan.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D920.0

【参考文献】