城市道路可变车道设置方法研究

发布时间：2018-02-21 17:07

本文关键词： 潮汐交通可变车道双层规划模型路网容量灵敏度分析法　出处：《吉林大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来，我国的经济取得了飞速进步，各行各业都呈现出繁荣发展的势头，城市作为一个国家的政治、经济、文化的中心，现代化水平不断提高。但是经济快速增长的背后却难掩发展带来的阵痛，人口无节制的涌入城市，机动车快速增长，道路交通拥堵越来越严重，各类环境污染也越来越频繁的发生，非常规突发事件也时刻困扰着人们正常的生产生活。为了解决这些问题，人们付出了巨大的努力和代价。本文主要从可变车道的角度来对城市道路交通系统中的潮汐交通进行研究。可变车道就是指通过对车道进行标志标线的规划，针对城市道路上双向流量不均衡的条件下，实时改变车道的行车方向的技术。可变车道作为解决交通拥堵的一种方式由来已久，国内外专家学者对可变车道的研究也取得了一些成果，本文正是在这些前人的研究成果的基础上对可变车道控制技术进行进一步研究。本文的研究内容根据可变车道的应用方式主要分为两部分，首先是对城市发生潮汐交通的特定路段、交叉口等运用潮汐可变车道技术进行研究；其次，结合应急可变车道技术，对交通网络设计中的路网容量进行了研究。在潮汐可变车道的研究中，主要对城市道路产生潮汐性交通的原因进行了分析，对潮汐交通的特性进行了归纳总结，结合国内外已有研究成果，，对潮汐交通引发的后果进行了探讨。重点对潮汐可变车道的具体设置条件进行了分析，如潮汐可变车道的实施范围、起终点开口处设置、标志标线以及潮汐可变车道的控制措施等进行了详细讨论，并根据近年来我国部分城市实行潮汐可变车道后的总结教训给出了实行潮汐车道时交通管理部门以及交通参与者应该采取的辅助措施。结合东岭南街的实例，对潮汐可变车道进行仿真模拟验证。结果显示，在设置潮汐可变车道后，东岭南街的潮汐交通状况得到了改善，验证了潮汐可变车道的有效性。在应急可变车道技术条件下的城市路网容量研究部分，本文首先介绍了双层规划模型的基本原理，然后对其在城市交通网络设计中的应用进行了分析。为了解决城市交通网络设计中的Braess诡异现象，我们引入了城市网络容量的概念，结合应急可变车道技术以及交叉口信号配时优化技术，构建了基于城市路网容量最大化的应急可变车道双层规划模型，以扩大城市路网的容量，缓解交通拥堵。对此类连续网络设计问题，求解算法较为复杂，在本文中采用基于灵敏度分析法的启发式算法进行求解。接下来以一个算例对构建的双层规划模型进行了验证，验证采用两种方法进行对比，其一是对原路网容量进行计算，第二种方法则考虑应急可变车道的双层优化模型。结果分析显示，在部分路段实行应急可变车道后，城市路网的容量可以进一步增大，验证了模型的有效性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, China's economy has made rapid progress, various industries are showing a momentum of prosperity and development. Cities are the political, economic and cultural centers of a country. The level of modernization continues to improve. But behind the rapid growth of the economy, it is difficult to hide the pains of development, the uncontrolled influx of people into cities, the rapid growth of motor vehicles, and the growing traffic congestion on the roads. Various kinds of environmental pollution also occur more and more frequently, unconventional emergencies are also puzzling people's normal production and life. In order to solve these problems, People pay a great deal of effort and cost. This paper mainly studies tidal traffic in urban road traffic system from the point of view of variable lane. Variable lane refers to the planning of signs and lines through lane marking. Aiming at the technology of changing the lane direction in real time under the condition of uneven two-way flow on the city road, the variable lane has been used for a long time as a way to solve the traffic jam. Experts and scholars at home and abroad have also made some achievements in the study of variable lane, this paper is based on these previous research results of the variable lane control technology for further research. The research content of this paper is divided into two parts according to the application mode of variable lane. Firstly, it studies the specific sections of urban tidal traffic, intersections and so on, using tidal variable lane technology; secondly, Combined with emergency variable lane technology, the network capacity in traffic network design is studied. In the study of tidal variable lanes, the causes of tidal traffic on urban roads are analyzed, and the characteristics of tidal traffic are summarized, combined with the existing research results at home and abroad. In this paper, the consequences of tidal traffic are discussed. The specific setting conditions of tidal variable lane are analyzed, such as the implementation range of tidal variable lane, the setting of opening of starting and ending point, The marking line and the control measures of the tidal variable lane are discussed in detail. According to the lessons learned from the implementation of tidal variable lanes in some cities in China in recent years, the auxiliary measures that should be taken by traffic management departments and traffic participants in the implementation of tidal lanes are given. An example of Dongling South Street is given. The simulation results of tidal variable lane show that the tidal traffic condition of Dongling South Street is improved and the effectiveness of tidal variable lane is verified. In the part of the research on the capacity of urban road network under the condition of emergency variable lane technology, this paper first introduces the basic principle of the bilevel programming model. In order to solve the Braess eerie phenomenon in urban traffic network design, we introduce the concept of urban network capacity. Combined with emergency variable lane technology and intersection signal timing optimization technology, an emergency variable lane bilevel programming model based on maximum capacity of urban road network is constructed to expand the capacity of urban road network. In this paper, a heuristic algorithm based on sensitivity analysis is used to solve this kind of continuous network design problem. Then the bilevel programming model is verified by an example, and the two methods are compared. One is to calculate the capacity of the original road network. The second method considers the two-level optimization model of emergency variable lane. The results show that the capacity of urban road network can be further increased after the implementation of emergency variable lane in some sections of road, which verifies the validity of the model.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491

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